Tinkering with Translation: Protein Synthesis in Virus-Infected Cells
Tinkering with Translation: Protein Synthesis in Virus-Infected Cells
复制标题
DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a012351
复制
发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Mohr, Ian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walsh, Derek;Mathews, Michael B.;Mohr, Ian
病毒是专性的细胞内寄生虫，它们的复制需要宿主细胞的功能。尽管它们基因组编码的大小、组成、复杂性和功能非常不同，但所有病毒都绝对依赖于它们宿主细胞的蛋白质合成机制。由于缺乏自己的翻译装置，它们必须招募细胞核糖体来翻译病毒的mRNAs，并产生复制所需的蛋白质产品。此外，还有其他限制病毒蛋白生产的因素。至关重要的是，必须有效地中和能够使翻译机制失活的宿主先天防御和应激反应。此外，病毒基因组有限的编码能力需要得到优化利用。这些需求导致了病毒和宿主之间的复杂相互作用，这些作用利用了表面上的病毒特有的机制，同时也阐明了细胞蛋白质合成装置的功能。
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, and their replication requires host cell functions. Although the size, composition, complexity, and functions encoded by their genomes are remarkably diverse, all viruses rely absolutely on the protein synthesis machinery of their host cells. Lacking their own translational apparatus, they must recruit cellular ribosomes in order to translate viral mRNAs and produce the protein products required for their replication. In addition, there are other constraints on viral protein production. Crucially, host innate defenses and stress responses capable of inactivating the translation machinery must be effectively neutralized. Furthermore, the limited coding capacity of the viral genome needs to be used optimally. These demands have resulted in complex interactions between virus and host that exploit ostensibly virus-specific mechanisms and, at the same time, illuminate the functioning of the cellular protein synthesis apparatus.