Exposure to pets and allergies in children
Exposure to pets and allergies in children
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1399-3038.2002.02063.x
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Heinrich, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hölscher, B;Frye, C;Heinrich, J
目前，正在讨论在儿童早期接触宠物对儿童日后发生特应性疾病的潜在保护作用。我们使用了三个连续的横断面调查数据，研究了5-14岁学龄儿童与狗、猫和其他宠物接触与过敏性疾病之间的关系。在前东德德国的三个研究地区，从1992年至1999年期间作为入学者或三年级或六年级学生接受调查的5，360名不同儿童中收到了7，611份问卷。通过特异性血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）浓度[使用放射性过敏吸附试验（RAST）]评估85%儿童对常见空气过敏原（桦树、草、螨、猫）的过敏性。在调整可能的混杂因素后，发现出生后第一年与狗接触与哮喘[比值比（OR）= 0.68; 95%置信区间（CI）：0.43-1.08]、花粉热[OR = 0.68; 95%置信区间（CI）：0.43-1.08]湿疹（OR= 0.76; 95%CI：0.61 - 0.94）、瘙痒性皮疹（OR = 0.76; 95%CI：0.61 - 0.94）和花粉致敏（RAST ≥ 4：OR= 0.56; 95%CI：0.38-0.82）。这些影响在父母有过敏性反应的儿童中更为明显。目前与狗的接触也观察到类似的关联。我们没有发现其他宠物（猫，啮齿动物，鸟类）的明确关系，除了目前接触猫的儿童更可能对猫过敏。总之，这项研究支持了一个潜在的保护机制，在生命早期暴露于狗的假设，特别是对儿童的过敏性父母。然而，这种关联只在狗身上发现，而在猫身上没有发现。
Currently, there is ongoing discussion regarding potential protective effects of exposure to pets during early childhood on the development of atopic disorders in children later in life. We used data from three consecutive cross-sectional surveys to study the relationship between contact with dogs, cats and other pets, and allergic diseases in schoolchildren 5-14 years of age. In three study areas of the former East Germany, 7,611 questionnaires were received from 5,360 different children who were examined between 1992 and 1999 as school entrants, or third- or sixth-graders. Allergic sensitization to common aeroallergens ( birch, grass, mite, cat) was assessed by specific serum immunoglobulinE(IgE) concentrations [ using radioallergosorbent testing (RAST)] for 85% of the children. After adjustment for possible confounders, inverse associations were found between contact with dogs in the first year of life and lifetime prevalences of asthma [ odds ratio ( OR) = 0.68; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43-1.08], hay fever( OR=0.61; 95% CI: 0.39-0.95), eczema ( OR=0.76; 95% CI: 0.61-0.94), itchy rash ( OR=0.76; 95% CI: 0.61-0.94), and pollen sensitization ( RAST greater than or equal to 4: OR=0.56; 95% CI: 0.38-0.82). These effects were more pronounced for children with atopic parents. Similar associations were observed for current contact with dogs. We identified no clear relationships for the other pets ( cats, rodents, birds), with the exception that children currently exposed to cats were more likely to be sensitized against cats. In conclusion, this study supports the hypothesis of a potential protective mechanism related to dog exposure in early life, especially for children of atopic parents. However, this association was found only for dogs and not for cats.