A broad-range survey of ticks from livestock in Northern Xinjiang: changes in tick distribution and the isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.
A broad-range survey of ticks from livestock in Northern Xinjiang: changes in tick distribution and the isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.
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北疆牲畜蜱大范围调查：蜱分布变化及严格伯氏疏螺旋体分离
DOI：
10.1186/s13071-015-1021-0
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发表时间：
2015-09-04
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Shao RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang YZ;Mu LM;Zhang K;Yang MH;Zhang L;Du JY;Liu ZQ;Li YX;Lu WH;Chen CF;Wang Y;Chen RG;Xu J;Yuan L;Zhang WJ;Zuo WZ;Shao RF
背景：疏螺旋体病在中国新疆维吾尔自治区非常流行。然而，对该地区蜱种中是否存在伯氏疏螺旋体病原体知之甚少，且家畜中尚未分离到伯氏疏螺旋体病原体。方法：2012年至2014年在北疆14个县19个采样点采集家畜蜱成虫，通过形态学对蜱进行种属鉴定，并通过线粒体16S rDNA基因序列进行分子分析；对每个采样点每个物种的 4-8 只蜱进行了测序。各县每个品种选取活体成年蜱112只，用于伯氏疏螺旋体病原体培养；通过5S-23S rRNA基因间间隔区和外表面蛋白A（ospA）基因的序列确定基因型。结果：共收集成蜱5257只，分属4属7种。与三十年前相比，蜱虫高峰季节五种常见蜱虫的丰度发生了变化。土扇扇头蜱（Rh. turanicus）等蜱种在吉木萨尔、伊宁、阜康、察布察尔等县首次发现。此外，序列分析表明，从不同采样点（≥3个点）采集的亚洲透明蜱（Hy. asiaticum）、点状血蜱（Ha. punctata）和边缘皮蜱（D. marginatus）分别具有相同的16S rDNA序列。对于从同一县采集的蜱种，例如 Hy。石河子县的asiaticum和Rh.来自伊宁县的turanicus，其16S rDNA序列显示出遗传多样性。此外，在 Hy 中还发现了 16 个疏螺旋体分离株。亚洲草，哈。 punctata、D. marginatus 和 Rh.伊宁、察布察尔、石河子、沙湾等县牛、羊、马、骆驼均受土虱感染。所有分离株均经基因鉴定为B. Burgdorferi sensu stricto。结论：气候变暖可能导致北疆5种最常见蜱的分布和丰度发生变化。遗传分析表明某些蜱种，例如 Hy。亚洲草或Rh. turanicus，表现出遗传共性或多样性。此外，本研究首次在 Hy 中分离出严格伯氏疏螺旋体 (B. burgdorferi sensu stricto)。来自家畜的 asiaticum asiaticum、H. punctata、D. nuttalli 和 D. marginatus 蜱。这些蜱可能在牲畜之间传播疏螺旋体病。
Background:Borreliosis is highly prevalent in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. However, little is known about the presence of Borrelia pathogens in tick species in this region, in addition Borrelia pathogens have not been isolated from domestic animals.Methods:We collected adult ticks from domestic animals at 19 sampling sites in 14 counties in northern Xinjiang from 2012 to 2014. Ticks were identified to species by morphology and were molecularly analysed by sequences of mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene; 4-8 ticks of each species at every sampling site were sequenced. 112 live adult ticks were selected for each species in every county, and were used to culture Borrelia pathogens; the genotypes were then determined by sequences of the 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer and the outer surface protein A (ospA) gene.Results:A total of 5257 adult ticks, belonging to four genera and seven species, were collected. Compared with three decades ago, the abundance of the five common tick species during the peak ixodid tick season has changed. Certain tick species, such as Rhipicephalus turanicus (Rh. turanicus), was found at Jimusaer, Yining, Fukang, and Chabuchaer Counties for the first time. Additionally, the sequence analyses showed that the Hyalomma asiaticum (Hy. asiaticum), Haemaphysalis punctata (Ha. punctata), and Dermacentor marginatus (D. marginatus) that were collected from different sampling sites (≥3 sites) shared identical 16S rDNA sequences respectively. For the tick species that were collected from the same county, such as Hy. asiaticum from Shihezi County and Rh. turanicus from Yining County, their 16S rDNA sequences showed genetic diversity. In addition, sixteen Borrelia isolates were found in Hy. asiaticum, Ha. punctata, D. marginatus and Rh. turanicus, which infested cattle, sheep, horse and camel in Yining, Chabuchaer, Shihezi and Shawan Counties. All of the isolates were genetically identified as B. Burgdorferi sensu stricto.Conclusions:Warmer and wetter climate may have contributed to the altered distribution and abundance of the five most common ticks in northern Xinjiang. The genetic analyses showed that certain tick species, such as Hy. asiaticum or Rh. turanicus, exhibit genetic commonness or diversity. Additionally, this study is the first to isolate B. burgdorferi sensu stricto in Hy. asiaticum asiaticum, H. punctata, D. nuttalli and D. marginatus ticks from domestic animals. These ticks may transmit borreliosis among livestock.