Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection.
Affordable mobile microfluidic diagnostics: minimum requirements for smartphones and digital imaging for colorimetric and fluorometric anti-dengue and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection.
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DOI：
10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16628.1
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发表时间：
2021
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背景资料：微型生物测定允许在患者附近进行诊断测试，并且可以使用廉价的相机（包括智能手机和移动的手机相机）以数字方式记录结果。虽然数码相机现在价格便宜且便携，但微流体诊断生物测定所需的最低性能尚未确定。我们提出了一个系统的比较广泛的不同的数码相机捕捉和测量微流控生物测定的结果，并描述了一个框架，以指定性能要求，以量化免疫测定。 研究方法：一组直径为200 µm的微通道中填充了一系列浓度的染料，用于比色和荧光酶免疫测定。这些是使用不同成本和性能的相机并行成像的，从<30英镑到> 500英镑不等。 结果：更高分辨率的成像允许在单个图像中解析和分析更多数量的微型器件。相比之下，低质量的相机仍然能够量化结果，但样本较少。在某些情况下，会添加额外的微距透镜来近距离聚焦。如果图像分辨率足以将各个微流体通道识别为单独的线，则所有相机都能够量化比色染料和荧光染料的类似浓度范围。然而，中档相机表现更好，最低成本的相机仅允许每个图像量化一个或两个样本。与这些发现相一致，我们证明了使用广泛的数字成像设备，包括中档智能手机iPhone 6S和成本<50英镑的预算Android智能手机，可以定量（以确定终点滴度）登革热和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒的抗体。 结论：总之，虽然更昂贵和更高质量的相机允许同时成像更多数量的设备，但即使是最低分辨率和最便宜的相机也足以记录和量化免疫测定结果。
Background: Miniaturised bioassays permit diagnostic testing near the patient, and the results can be recorded digitally using inexpensive cameras including smartphone and mobile phone cameras. Although digital cameras are now inexpensive and portable, the minimum performance required for microfluidic diagnostic bioassays has not been defined. We present a systematic comparison of a wide range of different digital cameras for capturing and measuring results of microfluidic bioassays and describe a framework to specify performance requirements to quantify immunoassays. Methods: A set of 200 µm diameter microchannels was filled with a range of concentrations of dyes used in colorimetric and fluorometric enzyme immunoassays. These were imaged in parallel using cameras of varying cost and performance ranging from <£30 to >£500. Results: Higher resolution imaging allowed larger numbers of microdevices to be resolved and analysed in a single image. In contrast, low quality cameras were still able to quantify results but for fewer samples. In some cases, an additional macro lens was added to focus closely. If image resolution was sufficient to identify individual microfluidic channels as separate lines, all cameras were able to quantify a similar range of concentrations of both colorimetric and fluorometric dyes. However, the mid-range cameras performed better, with the lowest cost cameras only allowing one or two samples to be quantified per image. Consistent with these findings, we demonstrate that quantitation (to determine endpoint titre) of antibodies against dengue and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses is possible using a wide range of digital imaging devices including the mid-range smartphone iPhone 6S and a budget Android smartphone costing <£50. Conclusions: In conclusion, while more expensive and higher quality cameras allow larger numbers of devices to be simultaneously imaged, even the lowest resolution and cheapest cameras were sufficient to record and quantify immunoassay results.