The Human Endolymphatic Sac Expresses Natriuretic Peptides
The Human Endolymphatic Sac Expresses Natriuretic Peptides
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DOI：
10.1002/lary.26074
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Caye-Thomasen, Per
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moller, Martin Nue;Kirkeby, Svend;Caye-Thomasen, Per
目的/假设：几十年来，人类内淋巴囊（ES）的功能一直是个谜。假设包括控制内淋巴液的稳态和内耳免疫防御。此外，一些研究表明，可能的内分泌能力和尚未确定的作用，颅内压稳态。然而，没有直接证据表明存在这种能力。本研究旨在探讨和确定假设的内分泌能力的人ES。研究设计：DNA微阵列和免疫组化被用于分析新鲜的人ES tissue samples.Methods：12个组织样本从人ES获得在transmittine手术前庭神经鞘瘤。基因芯片技术用于研究组织样本基因表达。特定的内分泌功能的基因进行了测定，结果进行了验证，通过免疫组化。结果：几个利钠肽被发现显着表达的ES，包括尿鸟苷素和脑利钠肽，但也调节血管紧张度的肽，包括肾上腺髓质素2。此外，neurophysin和催产素（OXT）被发现显着表达。所有的肽进行了验证，通过免疫组化。结论：目前的数据支持的假设，即人ES可能有内分泌/旁分泌能力，通过表达几个肽具有强有力的利钠活性。此外，ES可能影响下丘脑垂体-肾上腺轴，并可能通过OXT表达调节内耳中的加压素受体和水通道蛋白2通道。我们推测ES可能通过分泌几种肽来调节内耳内淋巴稳态，但它也可能通过对血管系统和肾脏的直接和间接作用来影响全身和/或颅内血压。
Objectives/Hypothesis: The function of the human endolymphatic sac (ES) has been enigmatic for decades. Hypotheses include controlling endolymphatic fluid homeostasis and inner ear immunological defense. Additionally, several studies indicate a possible endocrine capacity and a yet undefined role in intracranial pressure homeostasis. However, no direct evidence of such capacity exists. This study aims to explore and identify the hypothesized endocrine capacity of the human ES.Study Design: DNA microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used for analyses of fresh human ES tissue samples.Methods: Twelve tissue samples from the human ES were obtained during translabyrinthine surgery for vestibular schwannoma. Microarray technology was used to investigate tissue sample gene expression. Genes specific for an endocrine function were determined, and results were verified by immunohistochemistry.Results: Several natriuretic peptides were found expressed significantly in the ES, including uroguanylin and brain natriuretic peptide, but also peptides regulating vascular tone, including adrenomedullin 2. In addition, both neurophysin and oxytocin (OXT) were found significantly expressed. All peptides were verified by immunohistochemistry.Conclusion: The present data support the hypothesis that the human ES may have an endocrine/paracrine capacity through expression of several peptides with potent natriuretic activity. Furthermore, the ES may influence the hypothalamopituitary-adrenal axis and may regulate vasopressin receptors and aquaporin-2 channels in the inner ear via OXT expression. We hypothesize that the ES is likely to regulate inner ear endolymphatic homeostasis, possibly through secretion of several peptides, but it may also influence systemic and/or intracranial blood pressure through direct and indirect action on the vascular system and the kidney.