What Happened to Mirror Neurons?
What Happened to Mirror Neurons?
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DOI：
10.1177/1745691621990638
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Catmur C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heyes C;Catmur C
10年前，《心理科学展望》杂志发表了《镜像神经元论坛》（Mirror Neuron Forum），其中作者讨论了镜像神经元在动作理解、言语、模仿和自闭症中的作用，并询问镜像神经元是否通过视觉运动学习获得。随后对这些主题的研究取得了重大进展，这应鼓励进一步进行更系统的研究。对于动作理解，多体素模式分析、患者研究和脑刺激表明，镜像神经元脑区有助于对观察到的动作进行低水平处理（例如，区分抓握类型）而不是高级动作解释（例如，推断演员的意图）。在言语知觉领域，尽管镜像神经元是否在言语知觉中发挥特定的因果作用仍不清楚，但有令人信服的证据表明，运动系统参与了感知噪声条件下的言语辨别。对于模仿，来自患者、脑刺激和脑成像研究的有力证据表明，镜像神经元脑区在复制身体运动地形图中起着因果作用。在自闭症领域，使用行为和神经测量方法的研究试图找到支持自闭症“破镜理论”的证据，但未能找到。此外，对镜像神经元起源的研究已经证实了领域一般视觉运动联想学习的重要性，而不是渠道化视觉运动学习或单独的运动学习。
Ten years ago, Perspectives in Psychological Science published the Mirror Neuron Forum, in which authors debated the role of mirror neurons in action understanding, speech, imitation, and autism and asked whether mirror neurons are acquired through visual-motor learning. Subsequent research on these themes has made significant advances, which should encourage further, more systematic research. For action understanding, multivoxel pattern analysis, patient studies, and brain stimulation suggest that mirror-neuron brain areas contribute to low-level processing of observed actions (e.g., distinguishing types of grip) but not to high-level action interpretation (e.g., inferring actors’ intentions). In the area of speech perception, although it remains unclear whether mirror neurons play a specific, causal role in speech perception, there is compelling evidence for the involvement of the motor system in the discrimination of speech in perceptually noisy conditions. For imitation, there is strong evidence from patient, brain-stimulation, and brain-imaging studies that mirror-neuron brain areas play a causal role in copying of body movement topography. In the area of autism, studies using behavioral and neurological measures have tried and failed to find evidence supporting the “broken-mirror theory” of autism. Furthermore, research on the origin of mirror neurons has confirmed the importance of domain-general visual-motor associative learning rather than canalized visual-motor learning, or motor learning alone.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Cavallo, Andrea;Heyes, Cecilia;Catmur, Caroline
通讯作者：
Catmur, Caroline
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2013.0418
发表时间：
2014-06-05
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
Fadiga, L.