Effects of biochar on water quality and rice productivity under straw returning condition in a rice-wheat rotation region.
Effects of biochar on water quality and rice productivity under straw returning condition in a rice-wheat rotation region.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152063
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yong Liu;Jiang Li;Xiyun Jiao;Huan‐Huan Li;T. Hu;Hongzhe Jiang;Ali Mahmoud
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yong Liu;Jiang Li;Xiyun Jiao;Huan‐Huan Li;T. Hu;Hongzhe Jiang;Ali Mahmoud
秸秆还田有利于改善土壤性状，实现农业废弃物的资源化利用。但在稻麦轮作区，秸秆还田可能导致稻田水质恶化。在小麦秸秆还田条件下，进行了不同生物炭施用量（0、5、20和40 t/hm 2）的水稻盆栽试验。研究生物质炭与麦秸混配还田的适用性，探讨生物质炭对稻田水质、氮磷淋失及水稻产量构成的影响。结果表明，秸秆全量还田降低了稻田地表水水质，加剧了氮、磷的淋失，生物炭的施用改善了秸秆还田的负面效应。40 t/hm 2生物炭与秸秆还田混合处理较秸秆还田处理显著降低了稻田地表水COD、N浓度和N淋失量，分别降低了48.33%、41.01%和45.73%。秸秆还田条件下，施用生物炭20 t/hm 2可有效控制磷素的扩散。ST处理对水稻产量影响不显著，而秸秆还田条件下适当施用生物炭可提高水稻产量，促进氮素利用。20 t/hm 2生物炭处理对提高水稻产量（16.89%）和氮肥利用率（10.14%）效果较好。研究结果可为解决稻麦轮作区秸秆全量还田对水环境和水稻生长的负面影响提供一种新的方法，指导稻麦轮作区秸秆资源化利用。
Straw returning is helpful to improve soil properties and realize the reutilization of agricultural waste. However, wheat straw returning may result in paddy water quality deterioration in rice-wheat rotation regions. This study conducted pot experiments of rice planting with different biochar application rates (0, 5, 20, and 40 t/hm2) under wheat straw returning conditions. The purposes are to investigate the applicability of biochar mixed with wheat straw returning to paddy fields and explore the effects of biochar on water quality, leaching losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and rice yield components. Results indicated that total straw returning reduced the water quality in paddy surface water and aggravated the leaching losses of N and P. Fortunately, the biochar application improved the negative effects caused by straw returning. 40 t/hm2biochar mixed with straw returning significantly reduced the concentrations of COD and N in paddy surface water and N leaching loss than straw returning treatment (ST), decreased by 48.33%, 41.01%, and 45.73%, respectively. Meanwhile, applying biochar at a rate of 20 t/hm2with straw returning is suitable to control the diffusion of P. In addition, the ST treatment had no significant effect on rice yield, while the proper application rate of biochar under straw returning condition can improve rice yield and promote N utilization. 20 t/hm2biochar treatment is more effective to improving rice yield (16.89%) and N use efficiency (NUE) (10.14%). These findings can provide a new method to solve the negative effects of total straw returning on the water environment and rice growth and guide the utilization of straw resources in the rice-wheat rotation regions.