Estrogen action and prostate cancer.
Estrogen action and prostate cancer.
复制标题
雌激素作用和前列腺癌。
DOI：
10.1586/eem.11.20
复制
发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Prins GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelles JL;Hu WY;Prins GS
前列腺癌的激素基础的早期工作集中在雄激素的作用，但最近雌激素已被牵连作为潜在的代理人在前列腺癌的发展和进展。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了流行病学，实验室和临床证据表明，雌激素可能在人类前列腺癌，以及啮齿动物和移植体内模型中发挥致病作用。然后，我们回顾了最近的文献，强调潜在的机制，雌激素可能有助于前列腺癌，包括雌激素印迹和表观遗传修饰，直接遗传毒性，高泌乳素血症，炎症和免疫变化，受体介导的行动。我们讨论到目前为止所做的工作，分离不同已知的雌激素受体（ER），ERα和ERβ，以及G蛋白偶联受体30的作用，以及它们在前列腺疾病中的具体作用。最后，我们预测，在这一领域的未来工作将涉及更多的调查表观遗传学的变化，实验中使用的激素失调的新模型，在发展人类前列腺组织，并继续描绘不同的ER亚型的作用，以及其下游信号通路，可能作为治疗目标。
Early work on the hormonal basis of prostate cancer focused on the role of androgens, but more recently estrogens have been implicated as potential agents in the development and progression of prostate cancer. In this article, we review the epidemiological, laboratory and clinical evidence that estrogen may play a causative role in human prostate cancer, as well as rodent and grafted in vivo models. We then review recent literature highlighting potential mechanisms by which estrogen may contribute to prostate cancer, including estrogenic imprinting and epigenetic modifications, direct genotoxicity, hyperprolactinemia, inflammation and immunologic changes, and receptor-mediated actions. We discuss the work performed so far separating the actions of the different known estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ, as well as G-protein-coupled receptor 30 and their specific roles in prostate disease. Finally, we predict that future work in this field will involve more investigations into epigenetic changes, experiments using new models of hormonal dysregulation in developing human prostate tissue, and continued delineation of the roles of the different ER subtypes, as well as their downstream signaling pathways that may serve as therapeutic targets.