A Diverse Band-Aware Dynamic Spectrum Access Network Architecture for Delay-Tolerant Smart City Applications
A Diverse Band-Aware Dynamic Spectrum Access Network Architecture for Delay-Tolerant Smart City Applications
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DOI：
10.1109/tnsm.2020.2969086
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
V. Shah;Brian Luciano;S. Silvestri;Shameek Bhattacharjee;Sajal K. Das
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Shah;Brian Luciano;S. Silvestri;Shameek Bhattacharjee;Sajal K. Das
据智慧城市委员会称，充足的电信基础设施对智慧城市的企业、行业以及居民的成功至关重要。然而，目前可用的标准和蜂窝技术，如3/4G、GSM（全球移动通信系统）和LTE（长期演进），由于流量需求的增加，正迅速达到其极限。由于物联网技术的出现，预计将数十亿设备连接到互联网，这种限制在未来几年只会更加严重。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的网络架构，它支持多种延迟容忍（非实时）的智慧城市应用和服务（例如，收集空气污染信息），因此是一种有希望的方法来解决智慧城市遗留的标准和蜂窝通信基础设施所面临的流量需求增加的负担。所提出的架构基于一种创新的多频段感知动态频谱接入（d - DSA）范式，该范式允许某个无线设备机会性地访问多个授权/非授权频段中的空闲信道。d - DSA无线电设备安装在智慧城市的城市车辆（例如出租车）上，这些车辆充当移动路由器来收集、携带和转发各种类型的数据流量。这导致了一个时变且不可预测的延迟容忍网络（DTN），其中每个节点都可以访问空白信道并在多个频段进行传输。鉴于针对此类d - DSA DTN网络的高效路由方案研究不足，我们提出了一种分布式且轻量级的d - DSA感知地理路由（dDSA - GR）协议，该协议利用加权线性度量来选择合适的频段，并利用经典的地理路由原理在d - DSA DTN中任意节点对之间的路径上选择下一跳节点。基于美国肯塔基州列克星敦地图的实际轨迹的结果表明，在所有考虑的场景下，我们的dDSA - GR路由协议在网络延迟、消息传递率和能源效率方面都优于基线方法。
According to the Smart City Council, an adequate telecommunications infrastructure is vital for the success of businesses, industries as well as residents of Smart cities. However, currently available standard and cellular technologies, such as 3/4G, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and LTE (Long-Term Evolution), are rapidly reaching their limit mainly due to increased traffic demand. Such limitations are only going to worsen in the next years, due to the advent of Internet of Things technologies that are expected to interconnect billions of devices to the Internet. In this paper, we propose a novel network architecture that supports several delay-tolerant (non-real-time) Smart city applications and services (e.g., gathering air pollution information), and therefore, a promising approach to address the burdening of increased traffic demand to Smart city’s legacy standard and cellular communication infrastructure. The proposed architecture is based on an innovative diverse band-aware Dynamic Spectrum Access (d-DSA) paradigm, that allows a certain wireless device to opportunistically access idle channels in multiple licensed/unlicensed spectrum bands. d-DSA radio devices are mounted on Smart city’s urban vehicles (e.g., taxis) that act as mobile routers to gather, carry, and forward various types of data traffic. This results in a time-varying and unpredictable delay-tolerant network (DTN) where each node can access whitespace channels and transmit in multiple spectrum bands. Given lack of research in efficient routing schemes for such d-DSA DTN networks, we propose a distributed and lightweight d-DSA aware Geographical Routing (dDSA-GR) protocol, that utilizes a weighted linear metric for selecting a suitable spectrum band, and classic georouting principle for choosing next hop node in the path route between any node pair in d-DSA DTNs. Results on realistic traces based on the map of Lexington, KY, USA, show that our dDSA-GR routing protocol outperforms baseline approaches in terms of network delay, message delivery ratio, and energy efficiency, under all considered scenarios.