Ionic contribution to the viscosity of dilute electrolyte solutions: Towards a microscopic theory
Ionic contribution to the viscosity of dilute electrolyte solutions: Towards a microscopic theory
复制标题
离子对稀电解质溶液粘度的贡献：走向微观理论
DOI：
10.1063/1.1286963
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
B. Bagchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Chandra;B. Bagchi
电解质溶液粘度的浓度依赖性在很大程度上仍然是溶液化学中一个未被理解的问题。在这里，我们提出了一个微观研究的问题，旨在消除这一空白。导出了离子对电解质溶液粘度贡献的一种新的微观表达式，该表达式用电荷的静态和动态结构因素以及电解质溶液的数量密度来表示。对于极稀的溶液，离子的贡献就变成了多余的粘度。著名的法尔肯哈根表达完全遵循极低离子浓度极限下的显微表达。本理论是一个自洽的理论，它还包括电解质摩擦对离子的浓度依赖性。数值结果表明，有限浓度下溶液的黏度可能与法尔肯哈根公式所给出的黏度有很大的不同。目前的理论预测了一个强大的……
The concentration dependence of viscosity of an electrolyte solution has remained largely an ill-understood problem of solution chemistry. Here we present a microscopic study of the problem aimed at removing this lacuna. A new microscopic expression for the ionic contribution to the viscosity of an electrolyte solution has been derived which expresses it in terms of the static and dynamic structure factors of the charge and the number densities of the electrolyte solution. This ionic contribution becomes the excess viscosity for extremely dilute solutions. The celebrated expression of Falkenhagen follows exactly from the microscopic expression in the limit of very low ion concentration. The present theory is a self-consistent theory which also includes the concentration dependence of the electrolyte friction on the ions. Numerical results reveal that the viscosity of a solution at finite concentration can be very different from that given by the Falkenhagen expression. The present theory predicts a strong...