Gender specific age-related changes in bone density, muscle strength and functional performance in the elderly: a-10 year prospective population-based study
Gender specific age-related changes in bone density, muscle strength and functional performance in the elderly: a-10 year prospective population-based study
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2318-13-71
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发表时间：
2013-07-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Karlsson, Magnus K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daly, Robin M.;Rosengren, Bjorn E.;Karlsson, Magnus K.
工作背景：骨矿物质密度（BMD）、肌肉力量、平衡和步态方面的骨密度相关损失与福尔斯、骨折和残疾的风险增加有关，但很少有前瞻性研究比较中年和老年男性和女性这些指标变化的时间、速度和模式。这一点很重要，因此可以制定有针对性的策略，以优化老年人的特定肌肉骨骼和功能性能指标。因此，这项为期10年的前瞻性研究的目的是：1）表征和比较年龄和性别特异性变化的骨密度，握力，平衡和步态在50岁及以上的成年人，和2）比较这些肌肉骨骼和功能参数与衰老之间的相对变化率。方法：一项基于人群的研究招募了年龄为50岁、60岁、70岁和80岁的男性（n = 152）和女性（n = 206），10年后重新评估了前臂BMD、握力、平衡和步态速度。60岁及以上女性的BMD年丢失率比男性高0.5-0.7%（p < 0.05- < 0.001），但握力、平衡或步态的丢失率没有性别差异。从50岁开始，握力出现一致的丧失模式，而平衡和步态的最大恶化分别发生在60岁和70岁以后。不同测量方法之间的变化比较显示，< 70岁的男性和女性的握力年损失比BMD、平衡和步态速度的下降大1-3%。在时间（年龄）和速率方面没有性别差异在瑞典50岁及以上的成年人中，握力、平衡或步态的下降幅度很小，但女性前臂BMD的下降速度高于男性。此外，不同的肌肉骨骼和功能参数之间的损失率存在异质性，特别是在70岁之前，握力的恶化速度大于BMD，平衡和步态。
Background: Age-related losses in bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength, balance, and gait have been linked to an increased risk of falls, fractures and disability, but few prospective studies have compared the timing, rate and pattern of changes in each of these measures in middle-aged and older men and women. This is important so that targeted strategies can be developed to optimise specific musculoskeletal and functional performance measures in older adults. Thus, the aim of this 10-year prospective study was to: 1) characterize and compare age-and gender-specific changes in BMD, grip strength, balance and gait in adults aged 50 years and over, and 2) compare the relative rates of changes between each of these musculoskeletal and functional parameters with ageing.Methods: Men (n = 152) and women (n = 206) aged 50, 60, 70 and 80 years recruited for a population-based study had forearm BMD, grip strength, balance and gait velocity re-assessed after 10-years.Results: The annual loss in BMD was 0.5-0.7% greater in women compared to men aged 60 years and older (p < 0.05- < 0.001), but there were no gender differences in the rate of loss in grip strength, balance or gait. From the age of 50 years there was a consistent pattern of loss in grip strength, while the greatest deterioration in balance and gait occurred from 60 and 70 years onwards, respectively. Comparison of the changes between the different measures revealed that the annual loss in grip strength in men and women aged < 70 years was 1-3% greater than the decline in BMD, balance and gait velocity.Conclusion: There were no gender differences in the timing (age) and rate (magnitude) of decline in grip strength, balance or gait in Swedish adults aged 50 years and older, but forearm BMD decreased at a greater rate in women than in men. Furthermore, there was heterogeneity in the rate of loss between the different musculoskeletal and function parameters, especially prior to the age of 70 years, with grip strength deteriorating at a greater rate than BMD, balance and gait.