The Pax6 master control gene initiates spontaneous retinal development via a self-organising Turing network

The Pax6 master control gene initiates spontaneous retinal development via a self-organising Turing network
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Pax6主控基因通过自组织图灵网络启动自发视网膜发育

DOI:
10.1101/583807
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Grocott T
Grocott T
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Grocott T

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了解复杂的器官系统是如何从简单的胚胎组织组装起来的是一个主要的挑战。在整个动物王国中,视觉器官的多样性是由一种名为pax6的“主控基因”启动的,这种基因对眼睛的发育既必要又充分。然而,人们对pax6究竟是如何实现这种高度同源的功能知之甚少。以小鸡为模型生物,我们发现脊椎动物epax6与一对形态编码基因tgfb2和fst相互作用,形成了一个假定的图灵网络,我们已经对其进行了计算建模。计算机模拟表明,这种基因网络足以自发地使发育中的视网膜极化,建立眼睛的第一个组织轴,并预示着它的进一步发育。我们的发现揭示了视网膜自组织是如何独立于高度有序的组织相互作用而启动的,这些组织相互作用有助于在体内组装眼睛。这些结果有助于解释干细胞如何在体外自发地自组织成功能性眼罩。我们预计这些发现将有助于支持视网膜类器官技术,它有望成为疾病建模、药物开发和再生治疗的平台。
Understanding how complex organ systems are assembled from simple embryonic tissues is a major challenge. Across the animal kingdom a great diversity of visual organs are initiated by a ‘master control gene’ calledPax6, which is both necessary and sufficient for eye development. Yet precisely howPax6achieves this deeply homologous function is poorly understood. Using the chick as a model organism, we show that vertebratePax6interacts with a pair of morphogen-coding genes,Tgfb2andFst, to form a putative Turing network, which we have computationally modelled. Computer simulations suggest that this gene network is sufficient to spontaneously polarise the developing retina, establishing the first organisational axis of the eye and prefiguring its further development. Our findings reveal how retinal self-organisation may be initiated independently of the highly ordered tissue interactions that help to assemble the eyein vivo. These results help to explain how stem cell aggregates spontaneously self-organise into functional eye-cupsin vitro. We anticipate these findings will help to underpin retinal organoid technology, which holds much promise as a platform for disease modelling, drug development and regenerative therapies.
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