Evidence for interspecific interactions in the ectoparasite infracommunity of a wild mammal
Evidence for interspecific interactions in the ectoparasite infracommunity of a wild mammal
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-016-1342-7
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发表时间：
2016-02-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Lutermann, Heike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoffmann, Sasha;Horak, Ivan G.;Lutermann, Heike
背景资料：在自然界中常见多种寄生虫的共感染，在寄生虫感染区可能发生种间相互作用。这种相互作用可能会影响寄生虫在宿主中的分布，也可能影响infractiities对扰动的反应。然而，infrachabilities的扰动的反应还没有得到很好的研究实验外寄生虫社区的小哺乳动物host.Methods：在目前的研究中，我们使用的实验扰动的外寄生虫infrachabilities的非洲桑吉猴。我们抑制蜱招聘通过应用杀螨剂和监测的影响外寄生虫community.Results：我们的治疗直接影响了目标以及两个非目标物种。实验去除优势蜱（扇头蜱属），导致了恙螨和虱子数量的增加。然而，虽然这些影响是短暂的恙螨，这是从环境中寻找，他们是持久的虱子花了他们的整个生命周期的主机。此外，招聘率的一些体外寄生虫物种是高的，并不总是对应于总ballsobserved.Conclusion：这些研究结果表明，infractibility的相互作用可能有助于模式的寄生虫负担。不同的生活史性状的物种的分歧的反应表明，扰动响应可能会受到影响的寄生虫的生活史和外寄生虫infractiity的桑吉可能缺乏弹性的扰动。后一个观察结果与先前报告的体内寄生虫群落的高复原力形成对比，也表明抗寄生虫治疗可以影响非目标物种的分布。
Background: Co-infection with multiple parasite species is commonly observed in nature and interspecific interactions are likely to occur in parasite infracommunities. Such interactions may affect the distribution of parasites among hosts but also the response of infracommunities to perturbations. However, the response of infracommunities to perturbations has not been well studied experimentally for ectoparasite communities of small mammal hosts.Methods: In the current study we used experimental perturbations of the ectoparasite infracommunity of sengis from Africa. We suppressed tick recruitment by applying an acaride and monitored the effects on the ectoparasite community.Results: Our treatment affected the target as well as two non-target species directly. The experimental removal of the dominant tick (Rhipicephalus spp.) resulted in increases in the abundance of chiggers and lice. However, while these effects were short-lived in chiggers, which are questing from the environment, they were long-lasting for lice which spend their entire life-cycle on the host. In addition, the recruitment rates of some ectoparasite species were high and did not always correspond to total burdens observed.Conclusion: These findings indicate that infracommunity interactions may contribute to patterns of parasite burdens. The divergent responses of species with differing life-history traits suggest that perturbation responses may be affected by parasite life-history and that the ectoparasite infracommunity of sengis may lack resilience to perturbations. The latter observation contrasts with the high resilience reported previously for endoparasite communities and also suggests that anti-parasite treatments can affect the distribution of non-target species.