Near-Real Time Automatic Snow Avalanche Activity Monitoring System Using Sentinel-1 SAR Data in Norway
Near-Real Time Automatic Snow Avalanche Activity Monitoring System Using Sentinel-1 SAR Data in Norway
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DOI：
10.20944/preprints201910.0341.v1
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发表时间：
2019-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Eckerstorfer;H. Vickers;E. Malnes;J. Grahn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Eckerstorfer;H. Vickers;E. Malnes;J. Grahn
雪崩活动的时空发生的知识是雪崩预报的关键。我们提出了一个近实时的自动雪崩监测系统，输出检测雪崩多边形在大约10分钟后哨兵-1 SAR数据下载。我们的雪崩检测算法的平均检测概率（POD）为67.2%，虚警率（FAR）平均为45.9，最大POD超过85%，最小FAR为24.9%相比，人工检测雪崩。性能的高度可变性源于Sentinel-1数据中雪的动态性质。在调整检测算法的参数后，我们使用最佳设置处理了在挪威北方150 × 100 km大区域内采集的Sentinel-1图像。与现场观察到的雪崩数据集相比，77.3%是手动检测到的。使用这些手动检测作为基准，雪崩检测算法实现了79%的准确性与高POD的情况下，中到大湿雪雪崩。这是第一次，我们提出了一个数据集的时空雪崩活动在几个冬天从一个大的区域。目前，挪威雪崩预警服务正在挪威的三个地区使用我们的处理系统进行预操作。
Knowledge of the spatio-temporal occurrence of avalanche activity is critical for avalanche forecasting. We present a near-real time automatic avalanche monitoring system that outputs detected avalanche polygons within roughly 10 min after Sentinel-1 SAR data are download. Our avalanche detection algorithm has an average probability of detection (POD) of 67.2% with a false alarm rate (FAR) averaging 45.9, with a maximum POD of over 85% and a minimum FAR of 24.9% compared to manual detection of avalanches. The high variability in performance stems from the dynamic nature of snow in the Sentinel-1 data. After tuning parameters of the detection algorithm, we processed five years of Sentinel-1 images acquired over a 150 × 100 km large area in Northern Norway, with the best setup. Compared to a dataset of field-observed avalanches, 77.3% were manually detectable. Using these manual detections as benchmark, the avalanche detection algorithm achieved an accuracy of 79% with high POD in cases of medium to large wet snow avalanches. For the first time, we present a dataset of spatio-temporal avalanche activity over several winters from a large region. Currently, the Norwegian Avalanche Warning Service is using our processing system for pre-operational use in three regions in Norway.