Opportunities to observe and measure intangible inputs to innovation: Definitions, operationalization, and examples
Opportunities to observe and measure intangible inputs to innovation: Definitions, operationalization, and examples
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观察和衡量创新无形投入的机会：定义、实施和示例
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
S. Shipp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Keller;Gizem Korkmaz;Carol Robbins;S. Shipp
衡量无形资产的价值并非易事，因为它们是创新过程中的关键但通常是无形的组成部分。今天，访问非调查数据源，如管理数据和网页上捕获的存储库，为基于新的信息源创造无形资产和以新方式捕获无形创新提供了机会。无形资产包括创新财产和人力资源的所有权，这些资产和人力资源使一家公司独一无二，但目前无法衡量。例如，无形资产代表公司数据库和软件的价值、员工的隐性知识以及在研发(R&D)和设计方面的投资。通过两个案例研究，展示了使用数据科学框架创建和衡量无形资产的挑战和流程，该框架概述了发现、获取、分析、清理、链接、探索适合使用的数据和统计分析数据的流程。第一个案例研究表明，在一家财富500强公司中，通过跨业务流程链接管理数据来实现组织创新是可能的。这项研究的动机是开发能够端到端同步其供应链的公司流程，同时捕捉可以改变库存、利润和服务平衡的动态。第二个例子显示了通过从提供这些信息的软件储存库中获取的数据来衡量与开放源码软件的特征相关的创新的可行性。最终目标是开发准确和可重复的方法来估计非商业部门开放源码软件对经济的价值。这项早期工作表明了这些方法的可行性。
Measuring the value of intangibles is not easy, because they are critical but usually invisible components of the innovation process. Today, access to nonsurvey data sources, such as administrative data and repositories captured on web pages, opens opportunities to create intangibles based on new sources of information and capture intangible innovations in new ways. Intangibles include ownership of innovative property and human resources that make a company unique but are currently unmeasured. For example, intangibles represent the value of a company’s databases and software, the tacit knowledge of their workers, and the investments in research and development (R&D) and design. Through two case studies, the challenges and processes to both create and measure intangibles are presented using a data science framework that outlines processes to discover, acquire, profile, clean, link, explore the fitness-for-use, and statistically analyze the data. The first case study shows that creating organizational innovation is possible by linking administrative data across business processes in a Fortune 500 company. The motivation for this research is to develop company processes capable of synchronizing their supply chain end to end while capturing dynamics that can alter the inventory, profits, and service balance. The second example shows the feasibility of measurement of innovation related to the characteristics of open source software through data scraped from software repositories that provide this information. The ultimate goal is to develop accurate and repeatable measures to estimate the value of nonbusiness sector open source software to the economy. This early work shows the feasibility of these approaches.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Howison, James;Deelman, Ewa;Herbsleb, James D.
通讯作者：
Herbsleb, James D.