Frames and Slants in Titles of Visualizations on Controversial Topics
Frames and Slants in Titles of Visualizations on Controversial Topics
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有争议主题的可视化标题中的框架和倾斜
DOI：
10.1145/3173574.3174012
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Karrie Karahalios
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Kong;Zhicheng Liu;Karrie Karahalios
新闻标题中的框架倾斜会导致偏见和影响回忆。虽然最近的研究发现，观众在阅读可视化时会广泛关注标题，但标题在可视化中的影响仍然没有得到充分的探索。我们研究可视化标题中的框架，以及标题的倾斜框架和观众先前存在的态度如何影响回忆、偏见的感知和态度的改变。当被要求撰写可视化标题时，人们使用了五个现有的新闻框架，一个开放式框架和一个统计框架。我们发现，标题的倾斜影响了视觉效果的主要信息感知，观众从相同的视觉效果中获得相反的信息。研究结果并未显示出对态度改变有任何显著影响。我们强调了微妙的统计框架和观众毫无根据地相信可视化的中立性的危险。最后，我们提出了一个用于生成可视化标题和用于查看标题的设计含义。
Slanted framing in news article titles induce bias and influence recall. While recent studies found that viewers focus extensively on titles when reading visualizations, the impact of titles in visualization remains underexplored. We study frames in visualization titles, and how the slanted framing of titles and the viewer's pre-existing attitude impact recall, perception of bias, and change of attitude. When asked to compose visualization titles, people used five existing news frames, an open-ended frame, and a statistics frame. We found that the slant of the title influenced the perceived main message of a visualization, with viewers deriving opposing messages from the same visualization. The results did not show any significant effect on attitude change. We highlight the danger of subtle statistics frames and viewers' unwarranted conviction of the neutrality of visualizations. Finally, we present a design implication for the generation of visualization titles and one for the viewing of titles.