What is the role of firearms in nonfatal intimate partner violence? Findings from civil protective order case data
What is the role of firearms in nonfatal intimate partner violence? Findings from civil protective order case data
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114212
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发表时间：
2021-07-13
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hoffman, Claire G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kafka, Julie M.;Moracco, Kathryn E.;Hoffman, Claire G.
背景：亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的肇事者使用枪支来伤害，恐吓和操纵他们的伴侣。在家中拥有枪支的施虐者更有可能威胁和/或杀死他们的伴侣。然而，到目前为止，有限的研究文件的性质IPV肇事者枪支访问或非致命的枪支滥用行为的流行。研究方法：联邦法律限制IPV犯罪者在符合家庭暴力保护令（DVPO）的情况下获得枪支，有关枪支的信息应在DVPO过程中披露。我们使用了来自北卡罗来纳州民事DVPO病例（n = 406）的二级数据，这些数据是使用代表性抽样策略收集的。数据来自DVPO病例档案和结构化DVPO听力观察。我们进行了内容分析，以记录IPV犯罪者获得枪支和报告的枪支滥用行为。我们使用线性回归分析来确定IPV犯罪者枪支使用是否与更高水平的报告滥用相关。我们还研究了与非致命性枪支滥用有关的因素。结果：我们发现近一半的案件（46%，n = 108）的犯罪者枪支访问的证据。控制协变量，枪支使用与报告的IPV水平较高显著相关（B = 0.5，p <0.001）。近四分之一的案件（23.1%，n = 101）报告了枪支滥用，通常涉及口头威胁，展示枪支或用枪指着伴侣。在多变量模型中，与枪支滥用相关的唯一因素与英语口语/流利性有关。结论：应将使用枪视为严重IPV的一个指标。我们必须确保充分实施和执行查明和限制滥用者获得火器的现有法律的机制。滥用火器往往表现为非肉体的强制控制，造成创伤，有可能升级为杀人，即使过去没有肉体暴力。
Background: Perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) use firearms to injure, scare, and manipulate their partners. Abusers who have a firearm in their homes are more likely to threaten and/or kill their partner. To date, however, limited research documents the nature of IPV perpetrator firearm access or the prevalence of nonfatal firearm abuse behaviors. Methods: Federal law restricts firearm access for IPV perpetrators in qualifying domestic violence protective order (DVPO) cases and information about firearms should be disclosed during the DVPO process. We used secondary data from civil DVPO cases (n = 406) in North Carolina that were collected using a representative sampling strategy. Data were from DVPO case files and structured DVPO hearing observations. We conducted a content analysis to record IPV perpetrator access to guns and reported firearm abuse behaviors. We used a linear regression analysis to determine whether IPV perpetrator gun access was associated with higher levels of reported abuse. We also examined factors associated with perpetration of nonfatal firearm abuse. Results: We found evidence of perpetrator firearm access in nearly half of all cases (46%, n = 108). Controlling for covariates, gun access was significantly associated with higher levels of reported IPV (b = 0.5, p < .001). Firearm abuse was reported in nearly one out of four cases (23.1%, n = 101), and often entailed spoken threats, displaying a gun, or holding a partner at gun point. The only factors associated with firearm abuse in the multivariate models were related to English language speaking/fluency. Conclusions: Gun access should be considered an indicator for severe IPV. We must ensure that existing legal mechanisms to identify and restrict abuser access to firearms are fully implemented and enforced. Firearm abuse often manifests as non-physical coercive control which is traumatic and has the potential to escalate to homicide, even in the absence of past physical violence.