Delinquency and Recidivism: A Multicohort, Matched-Control Study of the Role of Early Adverse Experiences, Mental Health Problems, and Disabilities
Delinquency and Recidivism: A Multicohort, Matched-Control Study of the Role of Early Adverse Experiences, Mental Health Problems, and Disabilities
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DOI：
10.1177/1063426612470514
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, Dake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barrett, David E.;Katsiyannis, Antonis;Zhang, Dake
作者采用配对对照组设计，研究了早期不良经历、心理健康问题和残疾在预测青少年犯罪和再犯中的作用。这一犯罪群体包括99,602名青少年，他们出生于1981年至1988年之间，他们的案件已由南卡罗来纳州少年司法部门审理。99,602名对照者的记录，按年龄、种族和性别匹配，来自南卡罗来纳州教育部的记录。关于儿童保护服务、寄养、心理健康转诊和诊断的数据以及免费/减价午餐资格的信息是从南卡罗来纳州预算和控制委员会、研究和统计办公室获得的。逻辑回归分析显示，父母虐待和寄养对预测犯罪样本的成员资格有独特的贡献。公立学校对学习障碍或情绪/行为障碍的分类也可预测犯罪结果。逮捕前精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第4版）与攻击性行为（如品行障碍）相关的诊断是犯罪的最强预测因子。对犯罪分子样本进行的预测再犯的分析显示了类似的模式，早期对攻击性障碍的心理健康诊断是再犯的最强预测因子。
The authors examined the role of early adverse experiences, mental health problems, and disabilities in the prediction of juvenile delinquency and recidivism, using a matched-control group design. The delinquent group comprised 99,602 youth, born between 1981 and 1988, whose cases had been processed by the South Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice. Records of 99,602 controls, matched by age, race, and gender were drawn from the records of the South Carolina Department of Education. Data on Child Protective Services, foster care, mental health referrals, and diagnoses as well as information about eligibility for free/reduced-price lunch were obtained from the South Carolina Budget and Control Board, Office of Research and Statistics. Logistic regression analyses showed that parental maltreatment and foster care made unique contributions to the prediction of membership in a delinquent sample. Presence of a public school classification of learning disability or emotional/behavioral disorder was also predictive of delinquent outcomes. A prearrest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) diagnosis relating to aggressive behavior (e.g., conduct disorder) was the strongest predictor of delinquency. Analyses conducted on the delinquent sample to predict recidivism showed a similar pattern, with an early mental health diagnosis of an aggressive disorder the strongest predictor of recidivism.