Ectoparasitism in Mothers Causes Higher Positional Fluctuating Asymmetry in Their Sons: Implications for Sexual Selection
Ectoparasitism in Mothers Causes Higher Positional Fluctuating Asymmetry in Their Sons: Implications for Sexual Selection
复制标题
母亲的体外寄生会导致儿子出现更高的位置波动不对称性：对性选择的影响
作者：
M. Polák
从完美的双侧对称性的随机偏差，波动的不对称性，来自于发育的不稳定性。我测试实验是否寄生在雌性果蝇nigrospiracula增加波动的不对称性在男性后代。我还开发了一种新的措施来估计一个被称为位置波动不对称的分生特征的发展不稳定性，这是基于左右胸侧板之间的胸鬃位置的差异。我预计这一措施是一个更敏感的发展不稳定性指标比传统的数字波动不对称，因为后者是基于在实际存在或不存在的刚毛的差异。雌性苍蝇背负着吸血螨，Macrocheles subbadius（Macrochelidae），产生的儿子具有显着较高的位置波动的不对称性比没有携带螨的女性。这种影响，这可能是由于受损的供应卵母细胞的感染的女性，是剂量依赖性和放大的后代年轻（18-20天）与老年人（30-32天）的女性。这种明显的放大是由于年龄较大和未被寄生的雌性后代的不对称性轻微但不显著增加所致。与此相反，相同的螨负载后代数值波动不对称没有影响。如果低位置波动的不对称雄性享有交配优势，那么在适当的遗传变异下，性选择可以推动宿主种群中宿主抗性的进化。然而，在这两种不对称性的变化影响男性交配成功的性质。因此，尽管雄性位置波动的不对称性通过母体效应与寄生有因果关系，但基于不对称性的性选择不太可能影响D.黑旋藻位置波动的不对称性提供的敏感性的价值进行了讨论的背景下，性选择和保护生物学。
Random deviations from perfect bilateral symmetry, fluctuating asymmetry, arise from developmental instability. I tested experimentally whether parasitism in female Drosophila nigrospiracula increases fluctuating asymmetry in male offspring. I also developed a novel measure for estimating developmental instability in a meristic trait called positional fluctuating asymmetry, which is based on the difference in the position of thoracic bristles between the right and left sternopleuron. I expected this measure to be a more sensitive indicator of developmental instability than the traditional numerical fluctuating asymmetry, because the latter is based on the difference in the actual presence or absence of bristles. Female flies burdened with hematophagous mites, Macrocheles subbadius (Macrochelidae), produced sons with significantly higher positional fluctuating asymmetry than did females carrying no mites. This effect, which may have resulted from impaired provisioning of oocytes by infested females, was dose dependent and magnified in the progeny of younger (18–20 d) versus older (30–32 d) females. This apparent magnification resulted from a slight but not significant increase in asymmetry of offspring of the older and unparasitized females. In contrast, the same mite loads had no effect on offspring numerical fluctuating asymmetry. If low‐positional fluctuating asymmetry males enjoy a mating advantage, then with appropriate genetic variability, sexual selection could drive the evolution of host resistance in host populations. However, variability in neither kind of asymmetry influenced male mating success in nature. Thus, although male positional fluctuating asymmetry is causally associated with parasitism via maternal effects, asymmetry‐based sexual selection is unlikely to influence the evolution of mite resistance in D. nigrospiracula. The value of the sensitivity afforded by positional fluctuating asymmetry is discussed in the context of sexual selection and conservation biology.
辫尾猕猴（Macaca nemestrina）的产前心理压力、皮纹不对称和妊娠结局。
DOI：
10.1159/000243104
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
Biology of the neonate
影响因子：
--
作者：
Newell-Morris,LL;Fahrenbruch,CE;Sackett,GP
通讯作者：
Sackett,GP