Rhinoviruses and Respiratory Enteroviruses: Not as Simple as ABC.
Rhinoviruses and Respiratory Enteroviruses: Not as Simple as ABC.
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DOI：
10.3390/v8010016
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发表时间：
2016-01-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tapparel C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Royston L;Tapparel C
鼻病毒 (RV) 和呼吸道肠道病毒 (EV) 是上呼吸道感染的主要原因，也是全世界人类最常见的传染源之一。两者均属于小核糖核酸病毒科的肠道病毒属，并被分为七个不同的物种：RV-A、B、C 和 EV-A、B、C、D。作为具有公共卫生意义的病毒感染，它们对全世界卫生系统造成了重要的经济负担。然而，缺乏有效的抗病毒治疗或针对这些高度流行的病原体的疫苗阻碍了对 RV 相关疾病的有效管理。当前分子诊断技术的进步已经揭示了下呼吸道中存在 RV，并且其在下呼吸道疾病中的作用越来越多地被报道。除了在普通感冒中的既定病因外，这些病毒还表现出在某些条件下传播到身体其他部位的意想不到的能力。其中一些病毒最近受到特别关注，例如在 2014 年引起呼吸道疾病大规模爆发的 EV-D68、来自 C 种的呼吸道 EV 或新发现的 RV-C 种中的病毒。本综述提供了 RV 和呼吸 EV 的临床和基本方面的最新发现的更新，包括其生物学基础知识的总结。
Rhinoviruses (RVs) and respiratory enteroviruses (EVs) are leading causes of upper respiratory tract infections and among the most frequent infectious agents in humans worldwide. Both are classified in the Enterovirus genus within the Picornaviridae family and they have been assigned to seven distinct species, RV-A, B, C and EV-A, B, C, D. As viral infections of public health significance, they represent an important financial burden on health systems worldwide. However, the lack of efficient antiviral treatment or vaccines against these highly prevalent pathogens prevents an effective management of RV-related diseases. Current advances in molecular diagnostic techniques have revealed the presence of RV in the lower respiratory tract and its role in lower airway diseases is increasingly reported. In addition to an established etiological role in the common cold, these viruses demonstrate an unexpected capacity to spread to other body sites under certain conditions. Some of these viruses have received particular attention recently, such as EV-D68 that caused a large outbreak of respiratory illness in 2014, respiratory EVs from species C, or viruses within the newly-discovered RV-C species. This review provides an update of the latest findings on clinical and fundamental aspects of RV and respiratory EV, including a summary of basic knowledge of their biology.