Miocene to Holocene Marine Tephrostratigraphy Offshore Northern Central America and Southern Mexico: Pulsed Activity of Known Volcanic Complexes
Miocene to Holocene Marine Tephrostratigraphy Offshore Northern Central America and Southern Mexico: Pulsed Activity of Known Volcanic Complexes
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DOI：
10.1029/2018gc007832
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
J. Schindlbeck;S. Kutterolf;A. Freundt;S. Eisele;Kuo-Lung Wang;M. Frische
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Schindlbeck;S. Kutterolf;A. Freundt;S. Eisele;Kuo-Lung Wang;M. Frische
我们研究了深海钻探项目和大洋钻探计划在危地马拉和萨尔瓦多近海钻探的三条腿（腿67，84和138）和墨西哥近海的一条腿（腿66）的14个深海钻探点的火山灰清单。海相火山灰层可追溯到中新世至全新世。我们确定了223个原始火山灰层，并将这些火山灰层与钻探地点、火山弧沿着地区以及陆地上已知的特定火山喷发相关联。在海洋火山灰层与著名的萨尔瓦多和危地马拉第四纪喷发之间总共建立了24个相关性。另外25火山灰层之间的海洋网站相关。另有108个单一的火山灰层被分配到陆地上的源区，导致总共157个单一的喷发事件。火山灰层与独立定年的陆地沉积物的相关性提供了新的时间标记，有助于改进或确认各自钻探地点的年龄模型。应用各自的沉积速率来自年龄模型，我们计算了所有的海洋灰床的年龄。因此，我们还获得了8个已知但迄今未注明日期的大型陆地喷发的新年龄估计。此外，这使我们能够研究爆炸性喷发的时间演化沿着弧，我们发现了五个脉冲的增加活动：（1）脉冲在第四纪，（2）上新世脉冲之间的6和3马，（3）晚中新世脉冲之间的10和7马，（4）中中新世脉冲之间的17和11马，（5）早中新世脉冲（约。> 21Ma）。
We studied the tephra inventory of 14 deep sea drill sites of three Deep Sea Drilling Project and Ocean Drilling Program legs drilled offshore Guatemala and El Salvador (Legs 67, 84, and 138) and one leg offshore Mexico (Leg 66). Marine tephra layers reach back from the Miocene to the Holocene. We identified 223 primary ash beds and correlated these between the drill sites, with regions along the volcanic arcs, and to specific eruptions known from land. In total, 24 correlations were established between marine tephra layers and to well‐known Quaternary eruptions from El Salvador and Guatemala. Additional 25 tephra layers were correlated between marine sites. Another 108 single ash layers have been assigned to source areas on land resulting in a total of 157 single eruptive events. Tephra layer correlations to independently dated terrestrial deposits provide new time markers and help to improve or confirm age models of the respective drill sites. Applying the respective sedimentation rates derived from the age models, we calculated ages for all marine ash beds. Hence, we also obtained new age estimates for eight known but so far undated large terrestrial eruptions. Furthermore, this enables us to study the temporal evolution of explosive eruptions along the arc, and we discovered five pulses of increased activity: (1) a pulse during the Quaternary, (2) a Pliocene pulse between 6 and 3 Ma, (3) a Late Miocene pulse between 10 and 7 Ma, (4) a Middle Miocene pulse between 17 and 11 Ma, and (5) an Early Miocene pulse (ca. >21 Ma).