Immunization of complex networks
Immunization of complex networks
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DOI：
10.1103/physreve.65.036104
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Vespignani, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pastor-Satorras, R;Vespignani, A
复杂的网络，如性伙伴关系网或互联网往往表现出高度的冗余和异质性，在其连接属性。这种特殊的连通性为传染媒介的传播提供了理想的环境。在这里，我们证明了个体的随机统一免疫不会导致在所有复杂网络中根除感染。也就是说，具有无标度特性的网络不会从重大流行病爆发中获得全局免疫力，即使在存在不切实际的高密度随机免疫个体的情况下。无标度网络没有临界免疫阈值是由于其连通性波动的无界性造成的。只有考虑无标度网络的非齐次连接特性，才能制定成功的免疫策略。特别是，有针对性的免疫方案，基于节点的连接层次结构，大大降低了网络的脆弱性，流行病的攻击。
Complex networks such as the sexual partnership web or the Internet often show a high degree of redundancy and heterogeneity in their connectivity properties. This peculiar connectivity provides an ideal environment for the spreading of infective agents. Here we show that the random uniform immunization of individuals does not lead to the eradication of infections in all complex networks. Namely, networks with scale-free properties do not acquire global immunity from major epidemic outbreaks even in the presence of unrealistically high densities of randomly immunized individuals. The absence of any critical immunization threshold is due to the unbounded connectivity fluctuations of scale-free networks. Successful immunization strategies can be developed only by taking into account the inhomogeneous connectivity properties of scale-free networks. In particular, targeted immunization schemes, based on the nodes' connectivity hierarchy, sharply lower the network's vulnerability to epidemic attacks.