Strings of ultracold molecules in a synthetic dimension
Strings of ultracold molecules in a synthetic dimension
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.99.013624
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bhuvanesh Sundar;M. Thibodeau;Zhiyuan Wang;B. Gadway;K. Hazzard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bhuvanesh Sundar;M. Thibodeau;Zhiyuan Wang;B. Gadway;K. Hazzard
我们考虑了捕获在真实空间中的单位填充的一维链中的超冷极性分子，该链由光学晶格或镊子阵列创建，并由微波共振驱动旋转态链中的跃迁。我们用一个二维晶格模型来描述这个系统，第一维是实空间中的晶格，第二维是由旋转态组成的合成方向上的晶格。计算了该系统的基态相图。我们发现，随着偶极相互作用强度的增加，分子经历了从二维气体到相的相变，在这种相变中，分子结合在一起，形成了类似于生活在二维(即一维真实空间和一维合成空间)中的一维物体的弦。我们用两种互补的技术来证明这一点：使用矩阵乘积态技术的数值计算和无限强偶极相互作用极限下的解析解。我们的计算表明，无限相互作用下的弦相可以由弦上的出射粒子有效地描述，这导致了丰富的谱，而在早期的平均场处理中遗漏了激发。
We consider ultracold polar molecules trapped in a unit-filled one-dimensional chain in real space created with an optical lattice or a tweezer array and illuminated by microwaves that resonantly drive transitions within a chain of rotational states. We describe the system by a two-dimensional lattice model, with the first dimension being a lattice in real space and the second dimension being a lattice in a synthetic direction composed of rotational states. We calculate this system's ground-state phase diagram. We show that as the dipole interaction strength is increased, the molecules undergo a phase transition from a two-dimensional gas to a phase in which the molecules bind together and form a string that resembles a one-dimensional object living in the two-dimensional (i.e, one real and one synthetic dimensional) space. We demonstrate this with two complementary techniques: numerical calculations using matrix product state techniques and an analytic solution in the limit of infinitely strong dipole interaction. Our calculations reveal that the string phase at infinite interaction is effectively described by emergent particles living on the string and that this leads to a rich spectrum with excitations missed in earlier mean-field treatments.