Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion
Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4757-0067-1
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发表时间：
1986-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Post;R. Behrisch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Post;R. Behrisch
可控热核聚变是我们这个高科技社会不可缺少的长期能源的可能候选之一。然而，可控核聚变的物理和技术是极其复杂的，在聚变成为一种实用的能源之前，仍然需要大量的研究和发展。为了通过受控聚变产生能量，氘-氚气体必须被加热到几亿摄氏度的温度，即大约10千伏特的温度。为了获得净能量，这种热等离子体必须在一定的密度下被限制一段时间，一种有希望的限制这种等离子体的方案是使用i - tense磁场。然而，等离子体扩散出封闭的磁性表面，并撞击周围的血管壁，使等离子体与周围的空气隔离。由于这种等离子体壁的相互作用，来自等离子体的粒子通过注入而丢失到壁上，并部分重新发射到等离子体中。此外，壁原子被释放并进入等离子体。这些壁原子或杂质会使等离子体性能恶化，因为辐射会增加能量损失，增加所需的磁压或稀释等离子体中的燃料。最后，等离子体和能量对管壁的影响会改变和恶化管壁的热力学性能。
Controlled thermonuclear fusion is one of the possible candidates for long term energy sources which will be indispensable for our highly technological society. However, the physics and technology of controlled fusion are extremely complex and still require a great deal of research and development before fusion can be a practical energy source. For producing energy via controlled fusion a deuterium-tritium gas has to be heated to temperatures of a few 100 Million° c corres ponding to about 10 keV. For net energy gain, this hot plasma has to be confined at a certain density for a certain time One pro mising scheme to confine such a plasma is the use of i~ tense mag netic fields. However, the plasma diffuses out of the confining magnetic surfaces and impinges on the surrounding vessel walls which isolate the plasma from the surrounding air. Because of this plasma wall interaction, particles from the plasma are lost to the walls by implantation and are partially reemitted into the plasma. In addition, wall atoms are released and can enter the plasma. These wall atoms or impurities can deteriorate the plasma performance due to enhanced energy losses through radiation and an increase of the required magnetic pressure or a dilution of the fuel in the plasma. Finally, the impact of the plasma and energy on the wall can modify and deteriorate the thermal and mechanical pro perties of the vessel walls.