Differences of floral resource use between honey bees and wild bees in an intensive farming system
Differences of floral resource use between honey bees and wild bees in an intensive farming system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.007
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Henry, Mickael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rollin, Orianne;Bretagnolle, Vincent;Henry, Mickael
蜜蜂为农作物和野生植物提供重要的授粉服务。然而，在过去50年中，欧洲和北美的蜜蜂数量和多样性大幅下降，部分原因是农业集约化导致自然栖息地丧失和植物多样性减少。为了减轻农业集约化的负面影响，农业环境计划（AES）已被提出，以维持蜜蜂和其他传粉者在农业系统。AES包括保护半自然生境，如草地、休耕地、林地、灌木树篱或留出的田边。然而，经验证据表明，蜜蜂对这些半自然栖息地的使用可能在蜜蜂功能群体之间存在很大差异，并可能进一步受到其他觅食栖息地（如大量开花作物）的影响。本研究旨在调查AES（蜜蜂，熊蜂和其他野生蜜蜂）通常针对的三个蜜蜂群体是否在使用这些半自然栖息地的方式上与集约农业耕作系统中常见的大规模开花作物（油菜，向日葵，苜蓿）不同。蜜蜂和野蜂在利用花资源方面存在明显的分离模式，前者与大量开花的作物密切相关，后者与半自然栖息地密切相关。熊蜂有一个中间策略，表现为栖息地通才。因此，这将是明智的，以不同的AES管理策略对待这三个蜜蜂群体，并进一步考虑在周围的替代觅食栖息地的AES效率的潜在影响。这项研究还强调了本地花卉资源的重要性，特别是在半自然的草本栖息地，维持野生蜜蜂种群。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Bees provide an essential pollination service for crops and wild plants. However, substantial declines in bee populations and diversity have been observed in Europe and North America for the past 50 years, partly due to the loss of natural habitats and reduction of plant diversity resulting from agricultural intensification. To mitigate the negative effects of agricultural intensification, agri-environmental schemes (AES) have been proposed to sustain bees and others pollinators in agrosystems. AES include the preservation of semi-natural habitats such as grasslands, fallows, woodlots, hedgerows or set-aside field margins. However, empirical evidence suggest that the use of those semi-natural habitats by bees may vary greatly among bee functional groups and may further be influenced by the presence of alternative foraging habitats such as mass-flowering crops. The present study sets out to investigate whether the three bee groups typically targeted by AES (honey bees, bumble bees and other wild bees) differ in the way they use those semi-natural habitats relative to common mass-flowering crops (oilseed rape, sunflower, alfalfa) in an intensive agricultural farming system. A clear segregation pattern in the use of floral resources appeared between honey bees and wild bees, with the former being tightly associated with mass-flowering crops and the latter with semi-natural habitats. Bumble bees had an intermediate strategy and behaved as habitat generalists. Therefore, it would be sensible to treat the three bee groups with distinct AES management strategies, and to further consider potential effects on AES efficiency of alternative foraging habitats in the surrounding. This study also stresses the importance of native floral resources, particularly in semi-natural herbaceous habitats, for sustaining wild bee populations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.