Molecular biological researches of Kuro-Koji molds, their classification and safety
Molecular biological researches of Kuro-Koji molds, their classification and safety
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.05.005
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Mikami, Shigeaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamada, Osamu;Takara, Ryo;Mikami, Shigeaki
为了确定黑曲霉在黑曲霉中的位置，我们对57株曲霉进行了大约2500个核苷酸的部分基因片段(如组蛋白3)的序列分析，这些曲霉包括从日本和森啤酒厂分离的曲霉NBRC 4308、12个黑曲霉、黑曲霉ATCC 1015和管状曲霉ATCC10550。测序结果表明，所有黑曲霉菌株可分为3个类型，包括黑曲霉ATCC1015的N型、包括图宾曲霉ATCC1015的T型曲霉和包括川崎曲霉NBRC4308的L黑曲霉。系统发育分析表明，这三种类型属于不同的类群。从和森啤酒厂分离到的12株黑曲霉均被归类为L型，因此L型代表了工业黑曲霉菌。我们发现所有L型菌株都缺乏在黑曲霉中生物合成赭曲霉毒素A所必需的An15g07920基因。该序列存在于黑曲霉CBS 513.88的基因组中，与赭曲霉毒素A生物合成相关的多酮合成酶片段具有同源性。基于黑曲霉的工业重要性和安全性，我们建议将L类型的菌株归类为鲁氏曲霉，这最初是由Inui博士报道的。(C)2011年，日本生物技术学会。版权所有。
To assess the position of Kuro-Koji molds in black Aspergillus, we performed sequence analysis of approximately 2500 nucleotides of partial gene fragments, such as histone 3, on a total of 57 Aspergillus strains, including Aspergillus kawachii NBRC 4308, 12 Kuro-Koji molds isolated from awamori breweries in Japan, Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, and A. tubingensis ATCC10550. Sequence results showed that all black Aspergillus strains could be classified into 3 types, type N which includes A. niger ATCC 1015, type T which includes A. tubingensis ATCC 10550, and type L which includes A. kawachii NBRC 4308. Phylogenetic analysis showed these three types belong to different clusters. All 12 Kuro-Koji molds isolated from awamori breweries were classified as type L, thus we concluded type L represents the industrial Kuro-Koji molds. We found all type L strains lack the An15g07920 gene which is required for ochratoxin A biosynthesis in black Aspergillus. This sequence is present in the genome of A. niger CBS 513.88 and has homology to the polyketide synthase fragment of A. ochraceus which is involved in ochratoxin A biosynthesis. Based on the industrial importance and the safety of Kuro-Koji molds, we propose to classify the type L strains as Aspergillus luchuensis, as initially reported by Dr. Inui. (C) 2011, The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. All rights reserved.