SEX-DIFFERENCES IN HUMAN MATE PREFERENCES - EVOLUTIONARY HYPOTHESIS TESTED IN 37 CULTURES
SEX-DIFFERENCES IN HUMAN MATE PREFERENCES - EVOLUTIONARY HYPOTHESIS TESTED IN 37 CULTURES
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DOI：
10.1017/s0140525x00023992
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发表时间：
1989-03-01
影响因子：
29.3
通讯作者：
BUSS, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BUSS, DM
当代的择偶偏好可以为人类生殖史提供重要线索。人们对潜在伴侣的哪些特征很看重，这一点我们知之甚少。根据父母投资、性选择、人类生殖能力和关于父权与母性确定性的性不对称的进化概念，对人类择偶偏好的性别差异进行了五项预测。这些预测集中在男女对赚钱能力、野心、勤奋、年轻、外表吸引力和贞洁的评价上。对来自六大洲和五个岛屿33个国家的37个样本的数据进行了预测测试（总N = 10，047）。在27个国家中，关于实际结婚年龄的人口统计数据对问卷数据进行了有效性检查。女性被发现的价值线索，资源获取潜在的伴侣比男性更高。男性比女性更重视生殖能力的特征。这些性别差异可能反映了人类男性和女性不同的进化选择压力;它们为当前生殖策略的性别差异提供了强有力的跨文化证据。讨论的重点是近机制的配偶偏好，人类的性内竞争的后果，以及本研究的局限性。
Contemporary mate preferences can provide important clues to human reproductive history. Little is known about which characteristics people value in potential mates. Five predictions were made about sex differences in human mate preferences based on evolutionary conceptions of parental investment, sexual selection, human reproductive capacity, and sexual asymmetries regarding certainty of paternity versus maternity. The predictions centered on how each sex valued earning capacity, ambition— industriousness, youth, physical attractiveness, and chastity. Predictions were tested in data from 37 samples drawn from 33 countries located on six continents and five islands (total N = 10,047). For 27 countries, demographic data on actual age at marriage provided a validity check on questionnaire data. Females were found to value cues to resource acquisition in potential mates more highly than males. Characteristics signaling reproductive capacity were valued more by males than by females. These sex differences may reflect different evolutionary selection pressures on human males and females; they provide powerful cross-cultural evidence of current sex differences in reproductive strategies. Discussion focuses on proximate mechanisms underlying mate preferences, consequences for human intrasexual competition, and the limitations of this study.