Physically-based modelling of hydrological processes in a tropical headwater catchment (West Africa) – process representation and multi-criteria validation
Physically-based modelling of hydrological processes in a tropical headwater catchment (West Africa) – process representation and multi-criteria validation
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热带源头流域（西非）水文过程的物理建模 – 过程表示和多标准验证
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Steup
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Giertz;B. Diekkrüger;G. Steup
抽象。这项研究的目的是测试一个基于物理的模型，以模拟在贝宁的水源集水区的水文过程的适用性。在集水区的实地调查表明，横向过程，如地表径流和interflow是最重要的。因此，1-D SVAT模型SIMULAT被修改为半分布山坡版本（SIMULAT-H）。基于一个良好的数据库，该模型进行了评估，在多标准验证使用流量，流量组件和土壤水分数据。对于排放的验证，取得了良好的结果，为干，湿年。主要的差异在雨季开始时就可以看到。水化学测量与模拟的流量分量的比较表明，该模型正确地模拟了地下水通量和快速径流分量的比例。对于单个事件的排放分量的验证，可以观察到较大的差异，这部分是由降水数据的不确定性造成的。该模型对表层土壤水分动态的模拟效果较好。对于较深的土层，其特点是较高的砾石含量，模拟和实测土壤水分之间的差异较大。产流过程模拟结果与野外调查结果吻合较好。在上部和中部的斜坡上，壤中流是主要的过程，而在山坡底部，地下水补给和-在雨季-饱和的地表径流是重要的过程。
Abstract. The aim of the study was to test the applicability of a physically-based model to simulate the hydrological processes in a headwater catchment in Benin. Field investigations in the catchment have shown that lateral processes such as surface runoff and interflow are most important. Therefore, the 1-D SVAT-model SIMULAT was modified to a semi-distributed hillslope version (SIMULAT-H). Based on a good database, the model was evaluated in a multi-criteria validation using discharge, discharge components and soil moisture data. For the validation of discharge, good results were achieved for dry and wet years. The main differences were observable in the beginning of the rainy season. A comparison of the discharge components determined by hydro-chemical measurements with the simulation revealed that the model simulated the ratio of groundwater fluxes and fast runoff components correctly. For the validation of the discharge components of single events, larger differences were observable, which was partly caused by uncertainties in the precipitation data. The representation of the soil moisture dynamics by the model was good for the top soil layer. For deeper soil horizons, which are characterized by higher gravel content, the differences between simulated and measured soil moisture were larger. A good agreement of simulation results and field investigations was achieved for the runoff generation processes. Interflow is the predominant process on the upper and the middle slopes, while at the bottom of the hillslope groundwater recharge and – during the rainy season – saturated overland flow are important processes.