The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Information-Integration Categorization Performance
The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Information-Integration Categorization Performance
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/32.11.1439
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Schnyer, David M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maddox, W. Todd;Glass, Brian D.;Schnyer, David M.
背景：睡眠剥夺是许多重要社会角色面临的严重问题。分类是个体面临的最普遍的任务之一。在经典的威斯康星州卡片分类任务中，睡眠剥夺会影响基于规则的分类，但是，迄今为止，信息整合分类还没有被研究。研究目的：探讨睡眠剥夺对信息整合分类学习的影响。设计：参与者执行了两次信息整合分类任务，间隔24小时，参与者：21名西点学员参加睡眠剥夺组，28名西点学员参加对照组。测量和结果：在第二次测试中，睡眠剥夺导致了整体表现的不足，也就是说，而允许睡眠的参与者在第二次测试中表现出了显着的表现提高，在第二次测试中，不睡觉的参与者表现出轻微（但不显著）的表现下降。基于模型的分析表明，睡眠剥夺效应的一个主要因素是睡眠剥夺参与者的一个亚组在第二次会议上表现不佳，他们在第一次会议结束时从最佳信息整合策略转移到第二次会议开始时不太理想的基于规则的策略。在两次实验中都使用信息整合策略的睡眠剥夺参与者在第二次实验中的表现没有下降，反映了控制参与者的行为。研究结果表明，信息整合策略背后的神经系统不会受到睡眠剥夺的强烈影响，而是在任务中使用信息整合策略可能需要主动抑制基于规则的策略，这种抑制过程易受睡眠剥夺的影响。
Background: Sleep deprivation is a serious problem facing individuals in many critical societal roles. One of the most ubiquitous tasks facing individuals is categorization. Sleep deprivation is known to affect rule-based categorization in the classic Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, but, to date, information-integration categorization has not been examined.Study Objectives: To investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on information-integration category learning.Design: Participants performed an information-integration categorization task twice, separated by a 24-hour period, with or without sleep between testing sessions.Participants: Twenty-one West Point cadets participated in the sleep-de privation group and 28 West Point cadets participated in a control group.Measurements and Results: Sleep deprivation led to an overall performance deficit during the second testing session-that is, whereas participants allowed to sleep showed a significant performance increase during the second testing session, Sleepless participants showed a small (but nonsignificant) performance decline during the second testing session. Model-based analyses indicated that a major contributor to the sleep-deprivation effect was the poor second-session performance of a subgroup of sleep-deprived participants who shifted from optimal information-integration strategies at the end of the first session to less-optimal rule-based strategies at the start of the second session. Sleep-deprived participants who used information-integration strategies in both sessions showed no drop in performance in the second session, mirroring the behavior of control participants.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the neural systems underlying information-integration strategies are not strongly affected by sleep deprivation but, rather, that the use of an information-integration strategy in a task may require active inhibition of rule-based strategies, with this inhibitory process being vulnerable to the effects of sleep deprivation.