Wearable Flexible Perspiration Biosensors Using Laser-Induced Graphene and Polymeric Tape Microfluidics
Wearable Flexible Perspiration Biosensors Using Laser-Induced Graphene and Polymeric Tape Microfluidics
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DOI：
10.1021/acsami.3c04665
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发表时间：
2023-08-01
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Claussen, Jonathan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garland, Nate T.;Schmieder, Jacob;Claussen, Jonathan C.
可穿戴生物传感器承诺实时测量人体汗液中的化学物质，通过连续的代谢物和电解质监测，有可能极大地改善医疗诊断和运动表现。然而，汗液传感仍处于起步阶段，汗液是否可以用于医疗目的仍然存在疑问。可穿戴传感器专注于概念验证设计，无法扩展到多受试者试验，这可能会破坏汗液传感在健康监测中的实用性。此外，许多可穿戴传感器不包括保护和引导一致和清洁的汗液体积到传感器表面所需的微流体，或者未被设计为一次性的以防止传感器生物污染和由于重复使用而导致的不准确性。因此，需要生产具有集成微流体的低成本和一次性可穿戴传感器，以确保可靠的汗液感测。在此，我们展示了基于激光诱导石墨烯（LIG）的传感器与软带聚合物微流体的收敛性，以量化汗液代谢物（葡萄糖和乳酸盐）和电解质（钠）用于潜在水合作用和疲劳监测。电极用葡萄糖氧化酶和乳酸氧化酶功能化，用于选择性地感测汗液中发现的葡萄糖和乳酸的跨生理范围，灵敏度为26.2和2.47 × 10 - 6（-3）μ用钠离子选择性膜功能化的LIG电极显示出能斯特灵敏度为58.8 mV decade（-1），在汗液生理范围（10- 100 mM）内线性响应。传感器在模拟出汗皮肤微流体系统中进行了测试，并在多受试者试验中进行了循环测试。结果证明了LIG与微流体集成的实用性，用于实时，连续测量汗液中的生物分析物，并有助于为个性化可穿戴诊断工具的开发铺平道路。
Wearable biosensors promise real-time measurements ofchemicalsin human sweat, with the potential for dramatic improvements in medicaldiagnostics and athletic performance through continuous metaboliteand electrolyte monitoring. However, sweat sensing is still in itsinfancy, and questions remain about whether sweat can be used formedical purposes. Wearable sensors are focused on proof-of-conceptdesigns that are not scalable for multisubject trials, which couldelucidate the utility of sweat sensing for health monitoring. Moreover,many wearable sensors do not include the microfluidics necessary toprotect and channel consistent and clean sweat volumes to the sensorsurface or are not designed to be disposable to prevent sensor biofoulingand inaccuracies due to repeated use. Hence, there is a need to producelow-cost and single-use wearable sensors with integrated microfluidicsto ensure reliable sweat sensing. Herein, we demonstrate the convergenceof laser-induced graphene (LIG) based sensors with soft tape polymericmicrofluidics to quantify both sweat metabolites (glucose and lactate)and electrolytes (sodium) for potential hydration and fatigue monitoring.Distinct LIG-electrodes were functionalized with glucose oxidase andlactate oxidase for selective sensing of glucose and lactate acrossphysiological ranges found in sweat with sensitivities of 26.2 and2.47 x 10(-3) & mu;A mM(-1) cm(-2), detection limits of 8 and 220 & mu;M,and linear response ranges of 0-1 mM and 0-32 mM, respectively.LIG-electrodes functionalized with a sodium-ion-selective membranedisplayed Nernstian sensitivity of 58.8 mV decade(-1) and a linear response over the physiological range in sweat (10-100mM). The sensors were tested in a simulated sweating skin microfluidicsystem and on-body during cycling tests in a multisubject trial. Resultsdemonstrate the utility of LIG integrated with microfluidics for real-time,continuous measurements of biological analytes in sweat and help pavethe way for the development of personalized wearable diagnostic tools.