Low mate encounter rate increases male risk taking in a sexually cannibalistic praying mantis.
Low mate encounter rate increases male risk taking in a sexually cannibalistic praying mantis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0035377
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ladowski AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown WD;Muntz GA;Ladowski AJ
如果雄性螳螂成为雌性的猎物，它们将被迫在交配与完全丧失未来繁殖能力之间进行最终的权衡。这种权衡的平衡将取决于(1)雌性施加的掠食风险水平和(2)雄性交配机会的频率。我们报告了一组实验的结果，研究了这两个变量对螳螂雄性冒险行为和性同类相食频率的影响。我们通过实验改变了雄性与雌性相遇的比率，并测量了雄性在被雌性攻击的高风险和低风险条件下的接近和求爱行为。我们的研究表明，男性的冒险行为取决于是否有机会接触到女性。与雌性接触受限的雄性表现出更大的冒险行为。当雄性每天与雌性接触时，它们对雌性施加的更大风险的反应是放慢接近的速度，并与潜在伴侣保持更大的距离。相比之下，最近没有接触过配偶的雄性更愿意冒险；它们不顾风险，更迅速、更近距离地接近雌性。在第二个实验中，我们改变了雄性与雌性的相遇率，并测量了与饥饿或营养充足的雌性配对时的性同类相食率。当雄性与饥饿的雌性配对时，低交配率的雄性会有更大的冒险行为，这导致了性同类相食的高发生率。
Male praying mantises are forced into the ultimate trade-off of mating versus complete loss of future reproduction if they fall prey to a female. The balance of this trade-off will depend both on (1) the level of predatory risk imposed by females and (2) the frequency of mating opportunities for males. We report the results of a set of experiments that examine the effects of these two variables on male risk-taking behavior and the frequency of sexual cannibalism in the praying mantis Tenodera sinensis. We experimentally altered the rate at which males encountered females and measured male approach and courtship behavior under conditions of high and low risk of being attacked by females. We show that male risk taking depends on prior access to females. Males with restricted access to females showed greater risk-taking behavior. When males were given daily female encounters, they responded to greater female-imposed risk by slowing their rate of approach and remained a greater distance from a potential mate. In contrast, males without recent access to mates were greater risk-takers; they approached females more rapidly and to closer proximity, regardless of risk. In a second experiment, we altered male encounter rate with females and measured rates of sexual cannibalism when paired with hungry or well-fed females. Greater risk-taking behavior by males with low mate encounter rates resulted in high rates of sexual cannibalism when these males were paired with hungry females.
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影响因子：
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