Black population concentration and black-white inequality: Expanding the consideration of place and space effects
Black population concentration and black-white inequality: Expanding the consideration of place and space effects
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DOI：
10.2307/2580318
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发表时间：
1997-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Arnold, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beggs, JJ;Villemez, WJ;Arnold, R
40多年来，社会学家一直在研究一个地理区域内黑人人口的集中程度与该地区黑人的相对经济地位之间的关系。这些被称为“能力歧视假设”的测试已经确定，黑人人口在一个地区的集中与该地区的黑人和白人不平等呈正相关。在这篇文章中，我们扩展了对地点效应的考虑，并考虑了空间效应，通过（1）挖掘局部区域空间背景下规范结构对局部区域内黑人-白人不平等的影响，（2）测量邻近地区黑人人口集中对焦点地区黑人-白人不平等的影响，（3）在检查这些过程时控制不平等的空间依赖性，以及（4）检查这些地点和空间因素对职业和工资不平等的影响，这样，就可以在两种结果之间比较它们的影响，并可以评估对工资不平等的影响，而不考虑职业影响。在测试我们的模型与当地劳动力市场领域的数据后，我们的结论是检查我们的分析的影响，为未来的研究的可见性歧视假设和一般使用的模型，检查当地的影响。
For over 40 years, sociologists have investigated the relationship between the concentration of black population in a geographic area and the relative economic standing of blacks in that area. These tests of what has come to be called the ''visibility-discrimination hypothesis'' have established that concentration of black population in an area is positively related to black-white inequality in that area. In this article, we extend the consideration of the place effects and consider space effects by (1) tapping effects of normative structures in the spatial context of a local area on black-white inequality in the local area, (2) measuring the effects of the concentration of black population in adjacent areas on black-white inequality in the focal area, (3) controlling for spatial dependence in inequality when Examining these processes, and (4) examining the effects of these place and space factors on both occupational and wage inequality, so that their effects can be compared between the two outcomes and effects on wage inequality can be assessed net of occupation effects. After testing our model with data on local labor market areas, we conclude by examining the implications of our analysis for future studies of the visibility discrimination hypothesis and for the general use of models that examine the effects of local place.