Drift in ocean currents impacts intergenerational microbial exposure to temperature
Drift in ocean currents impacts intergenerational microbial exposure to temperature
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1521093113
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发表时间：
2016-05-17
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
van Sebille, Erik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Doblin, Martina A.;van Sebille, Erik
微生物是海洋生态系统的基础[Falkowski PG, Fenchel T, Delong EF (2008) Science 320(5879): 1034-1039]。到目前为止，用于了解海洋变暖对微生物影响的分析框架尚未考虑动态海景运输过程中的热暴露，这意味着我们目前对这些关键生物体变化的看法可能不准确。在这里，我们表明，上层海洋微生物经历的沿轨迹温度变化比静态框架中估计的季节性波动高出 10 摄氏度，并且这种变化在很大程度上取决于位置。这些发现表明，洋流的漂移会增加微生物的热暴露，并表明具有广泛耐热性的微生物种群将在运输到遥远的海洋区域时幸存下来并入侵新的栖息地。我们的研究结果还表明，平流有能力影响微生物群落聚集，例如，具有强洋流和大热波动的区域会选择具有最大可塑性和进化性的群落，而具有窄热性能的群落则出现在洋流较弱或沿轨迹温度变化较低的地方。鉴于波动的环境会选择微生物谱系中的个体可塑性，并且祖先的生理可塑性可以预测后代对环境变化的进化反应的程度 [Schaum CE, Collins S (2014) Proc Biol Soc 281(1793): 20141486]，我们的研究结果表明，亚南极地区（类似于南纬 40 度）、北太平洋和北半球的微生物种群大西洋将最有能力适应当代海洋变暖。
Microbes are the foundation of marine ecosystems [Falkowski PG, Fenchel T, Delong EF (2008) Science 320(5879): 1034-1039]. Until now, the analytical framework for understanding the implications of ocean warming on microbes has not considered thermal exposure during transport in dynamic seascapes, implying that our current view of change for these critical organisms may be inaccurate. Here we show that upper-ocean microbes experience along-trajectory temperature variability up to 10 degrees C greater than seasonal fluctuations estimated in a static frame, and that this variability depends strongly on location. These findings demonstrate that drift in ocean currents can increase the thermal exposure of microbes and suggests that microbial populations with broad thermal tolerance will survive transport to distant regions of the ocean and invade new habitats. Our findings also suggest that advection has the capacity to influence microbial community assemblies, such that regions with strong currents and large thermal fluctuations select for communities with greatest plasticity and evolvability, and communities with narrow thermal performance are found where ocean currents are weak or along-trajectory temperature variation is low. Given that fluctuating environments select for individual plasticity in microbial lineages, and that physiological plasticity of ancestors can predict the magnitude of evolutionary responses of subsequent generations to environmental change [Schaum CE, Collins S (2014) Proc Biol Soc 281(1793): 20141486], our findings suggest that microbial populations in the sub-Antarctic (similar to 40 degrees S), North Pacific, and North Atlantic will have the most capacity to adapt to contemporary ocean warming.