Carbon-Based Electrochemical Sensors for In Vivo and In Vitro Neurotransmitter Detection
Carbon-Based Electrochemical Sensors for In Vivo and In Vitro Neurotransmitter Detection
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DOI：
10.1080/10408347.2021.1997571
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Huijun Song;Yangyang Liu;Yuxin Fang;Di Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huijun Song;Yangyang Liu;Yuxin Fang;Di Zhang
摘要神经递质作为重要的神经化学信使，在维持哺乳动物正常生理过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用。异常的神经递质活动与一系列神经疾病有关，包括帕金森氏病、阿尔茨海默病和亨廷顿病。到目前为止，许多研究已经测试了检测神经递质的不同方法，但由于大脑复杂的环境和神经递质的快速代谢，在大脑中检测这些物质仍然是一个具有挑战性的领域，也是一个活跃的研究领域。显然需要开发新的神经递质传感技术，能够快速和灵敏地监测大脑中的特定分析物，而不会对植入分析物的局部微环境造成不利影响。电化学传感器方法由于具有良好的灵敏度、便携性、易用性、易于微处理和低成本等优点，在神经递质监测中得到了广泛的研究。本文综述了近年来该领域的研究进展，介绍了近年来发展起来的可检测多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-羟色胺)、乙酰胆碱(Ach)、谷氨酸(Glu)、一氧化氮(NO)、腺苷(ADO)等神经递质的电化学传感器。在这些技术中，基于碳纳米结构的修饰电极，包括碳纳米管(CNTs)、石墨烯(GR)、石墨烯(GDY)、碳纳米纤维(CNF)及其衍生物，由于其良好的生物相容性和电催化性能而具有特别的前景。因此，这些技术和相关技术的持续发展很可能导致神经系统疾病的临床诊断和新的生物标志物检测的重大进展。
Abstract As essential neurological chemical messengers, neurotransmitters play an integral role in the maintenance of normal mammalian physiology. Aberrant neurotransmitter activity is associated with a range of neurological conditions including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. Many studies to date have tested different approaches to detecting neurotransmitters, yet the detection of these materials within the brain, due to the complex environment of the brain and the rapid metabolism of neurotransmitters, remains challenging and an area of active research. There is a clear need for the development of novel neurotransmitter sensing technologies capable of rapidly and sensitively monitoring specific analytes within the brain without adversely impacting the local microenvironment in which they are implanted. Owing to their excellent sensitivity, portability, ease-of-use, amenability to microprocessing, and low cost, electrochemical sensors methods have been widely studied in the context of neurotransmitter monitoring. The present review, thus, surveys current progress in this research field, discussing developed electrochemical neurotransmitter sensors capable of detecting dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), acetylcholine (Ach), glutamate (Glu), nitric oxide (NO), adenosine (ADO), and so on. Of these technologies, those based on carbon nanostructures-modified electrodes including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (GR), gaphdiyne (GDY), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and derivatives thereof hold particular promise owing to their excellent biocompatibility and electrocatalytic performance. The continued development of these and related technologies is, thus, likely to lead to major advances in the clinical diagnosis of neurological diseases and the detection of novel biomarkers thereof.