Insights into the Transcriptome of Human Cytomegalovirus: A Comprehensive Review.
Insights into the Transcriptome of Human Cytomegalovirus: A Comprehensive Review.
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DOI：
10.3390/v15081703
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发表时间：
2023-08-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhu H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zeng J;Cao D;Yang S;Jaijyan DK;Liu X;Wu S;Cruz-Cosme R;Tang Q;Zhu H
人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）是一种广泛存在的病原体，对免疫功能低下的个体构成重大风险。它的基因组跨度超过230kbp，可能编码超过200个开放阅读框架。HCMV转录组由各种类型的rna组成，包括信使rna （mrna）、长链非编码rna （lncRNAs）、环状rna （circRNAs）和微rna (miRNAs)，对它们的生物学功能有了新的认识。HCMV mrna参与关键的病毒过程，如病毒复制、转录和翻译调节，以及免疫调节和对宿主细胞的其他影响。此外，已在HCMV中鉴定出4种lncrna (RNA1.2、RNA2.7、RNA4.9和RNA5.0)，它们在裂解复制中发挥重要作用，如绕过急性抗病毒反应，促进细胞运动和病毒传播，以及维持HCMV潜伏期。circrna因其重要而多样的生物学功能而受到关注，包括与不同疾病的关联、作为microRNA海绵、调节亲本基因表达以及作为翻译模板。值得注意的是，HCMV编码的mirna在沉默人类基因和其他功能中发挥关键作用。本文综述了人巨细胞病毒的研究现状，并对其裂解和潜伏感染过程中转录组的研究现状进行了综述。
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen that poses significant risks to immunocompromised individuals. Its genome spans over 230 kbp and potentially encodes over 200 open-reading frames. The HCMV transcriptome consists of various types of RNAs, including messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), with emerging insights into their biological functions. HCMV mRNAs are involved in crucial viral processes, such as viral replication, transcription, and translation regulation, as well as immune modulation and other effects on host cells. Additionally, four lncRNAs (RNA1.2, RNA2.7, RNA4.9, and RNA5.0) have been identified in HCMV, which play important roles in lytic replication like bypassing acute antiviral responses, promoting cell movement and viral spread, and maintaining HCMV latency. CircRNAs have gained attention for their important and diverse biological functions, including association with different diseases, acting as microRNA sponges, regulating parental gene expression, and serving as translation templates. Remarkably, HCMV encodes miRNAs which play critical roles in silencing human genes and other functions. This review gives an overview of human cytomegalovirus and current research on the HCMV transcriptome during lytic and latent infection.
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