Topographic cortical mapping of EEG sleep stages during daytime naps in normal subjects.
Topographic cortical mapping of EEG sleep stages during daytime naps in normal subjects.
复制标题
正常受试者白天小睡期间脑电图睡眠阶段的地形皮层图。
作者：
M. Buchsbaum;W. Mendelson;W. Duncan;R. Coppola;J. Kelsoe;Gillin Jc
根据四名正常志愿者的白天睡眠记录，绘制了16个导联的计算机生成的功率谱估计的皮质地图。这些数据来自于每个志愿者的9个10-S无伪影、清醒、1-4期和快速眼动睡眠的脑电时段。根据10-20系统将脑电导联放置在左半球和中线，并附加四个插补后部位置。用双因素方差分析方法分析1 Hz分辨率和相邻频率(增量2-4、α8-12、β13-18)的幅度谱估计值。在清醒的受试者、闭着眼睛的受试者和快速眼动受试者中，Delta活动相对均匀且幅度较低。随着非REM睡眠期的进展，Delta功率逐渐增大，向后扩大至顶内沟，向前扩大至额上回。将地图与EAR和计算的平均参考值进行比较，得到了类似的地形图。在清醒的受试者中，阿尔法活动预计在枕部最大，但令人惊讶的是，在慢波睡眠中出现了额叶区域。清醒受试者的β活性较低，顶端最大；1期和REM期的分布更低且更均匀。阶段2的能量最大，集中在顶端，阶段3和阶段4逐渐减弱。这些数据表明，整个大脑皮层的睡眠阶段在电生理学上并不完全一致。这为诊断睡眠障碍的新方法和睡眠分期的替代方案打开了可能性。
Computer-generated cortical maps of power spectral estimates derived from 16 leads were drawn based on daytime sleep recordings in four normal volunteers. These data were compiled from nine 10-s artifact-free, EEG epochs from awake, stages 1-4 and REM sleep in each volunteer. EEG leads were placed on the left hemisphere and midline according to the 10-20 system with four additional interpolated posterior locations. Magnitude spectral estimates with 1 Hz resolution and adjacent frequencies (delta 2-4, alpha 8-12, beta 13-18) were analyzed with two-way ANOVA (lead by sleep stage). Delta activity was relatively uniform and of low amplitude in awake, eyes-closed subjects, and REM. Delta power increased at the vertex in stage 1. With progressing, non-REM sleep stages, it increased in power and enlarged radially to the intraparietal sulcus posteriorly, and the superior frontal gyrus anteriorly. Comparison of maps with ear and a computed average reference yielded similar topographic patterns. Alpha activity was expectedly maximal occipitally in awake subjects, but surprisingly a frontal area appeared in slow wave sleep. Beta activity in awake subjects was low and maximal parietally; stages 1 and REM showed even lower and more uniform distribution. Stage 2 showed the greatest power, concentrated at the vertex, with stages 3 and 4 diminishing. These data suggest that sleep stages are not completely uniform electrophysiologically across the cortex. This opens the possibility for a new method for the diagnosis of sleep disorders and alternatives in sleep staging.