Long-Term Response of Caribbean Palm Forests to Hurricanes
Long-Term Response of Caribbean Palm Forests to Hurricanes
复制标题
加勒比棕榈林对飓风的长期反应
DOI：
10.1017/s0959270900002598
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
J. Frangi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Lugo;J. Frangi
我们在波多黎各的Luquillo实验森林中研究了Prestoea montana （Sierra Palm，以下简称Palm）刹车和棕榈泛滥平原森林对飓风的反应。在78年的时间里，3次飓风经过了研究地点，我们有64年的棕榈刹车测量和20年的棕榈泛滥平原森林测量。对各林分的树种组成、物种密度、基面积、乔木密度、树木长入率和死亡率、树种重要值进行了评价。我们还估算了棕榈漫滩森林的林分和棕榈种群的地上生物量。研究发现，不同的森林属性（如基底面积和树密度）对飓风的时间响应模式不同。在不到10年的时间里，两次飓风的通过将棕榈刹车的森林响应模式转变为与1989年飓风之前不同的轨迹，振荡范围更广。在观察期间，两种棕榈林类型均未达到稳定状态。在64年的研究中，棕榈刹车花了大约50年的时间处于过渡状态，在这14年的最后14年里，可能是由于飓风的影响，Cecropia schreberiana （Yagrumo）取代棕榈成为最重要的物种。在研究的20年时间里，棕榈泛滥平原森林一直处于过渡模式。研究结果表明，位于飓风背风方向的林分结构和物种组成变化较少，比暴露在飓风迎风路径的林分有更多的时间从飓风的影响中恢复过来。加勒比棕榈林是一个动态系统，其结构、物种组成、物种密度和过程与飓风的频率和强度密切相关。由于棕榈林的动态与飓风密切相关，因此可以预测，飓风的频率或强度的任何未来变化都可能影响这些森林属性，包括按重要值排序的物种。
We studied the response of Prestoea montana (Sierra Palm, herefter Palm) brakes and a Palm floodplain forest to hurricanes in the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. Over a span of 78 years, 3 hurricanes passed over the study sites for which we have 64 years of measurements for Palm brakes and 20 years for the Palm floodplain forest. For each stand, species composition, species density, basal area, tree density, rates of tree ingrowth and mortality, and importance value of tree species were assessed. We also estimated stand and Palm population aboveground biomass for the Palm floodplain forest. We found that different forest attributes such as basal area and tree density exhibited different temporal response patterns to hurricanes. The passing of 2 hurricanes in less than 10 years shifted the forest-response pattern of Palm brakes into a different trajectory with wider oscillations than before the 1989 hurricane. Neither Palm forest type reached steady state during the period of observation. Palm brakes spent about 50 of 64 years of the study in a transition state, and during the last 14 of those years, Cecropia schreberiana (Yagrumo) displaced the Palms as the species with the highest importance value, likely due to hurricane effects. The Palm floodplain forest remained in a transition mode over the 20-year span of the study. The results of the study showed that stands located on the leeward of hurricanes experienced less structural and species-composition changes and had more time to recover from hurricane effects than those exposed to the windward path of the hurricane. Caribbean Palm forests are dynamic systems whose structure, species composition, species density, and processes are finely coupled to frequency and intensity of hurricanes. Because Palm forest dynamics are closely tied to hurricanes, it is possible to anticipate that any future change in the frequency or intensity of hurricanes is likely to influence these forest attributes, including species ranking by importance value.