Evolution in Europe of African swine fever genotype II viruses from highly to moderately virulent
Evolution in Europe of African swine fever genotype II viruses from highly to moderately virulent
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.001
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Arias, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gallardo, C.;Nurmoja, I;Arias, M.
自2007年抵达高加索地区和俄罗斯以来，非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）已广泛传播，目前已影响爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰等欧盟国家，最近还影响了捷克共和国和罗马尼亚。越来越多的证据表明，某些地区的野猪血清反应呈阳性，这表明一些动物可能存活了一段时间，甚至可能正在从疾病中恢复。这可能是由于初次感染后获得性免疫和/或存在毒力降低的相关病毒。为了评估这些假设，在两组家猪体内研究了来自爱沙尼亚的两种ASFV田间毒株。在4 +/-1.6天的潜伏期后，肌内接种Es 15/WB-Tartu 14 ASFV的猪（第2组）出现了与急性疾病相关的临床体征，并在感染后7天和11天（dpi）死亡。接种Es 15/WB-Valga-14 ASFV的猪（第1组）的潜伏期（8天）长于第2组，并出现了与亚急性和慢性ASF形式相符的不同临床体征和病变;它们在11和25 dpi死亡。两组中的接触猪在接触后7-14天被感染，并表现出从急性到慢性疾病的各种临床表现和病理结果。每组两只动物在感染后完全恢复，并在78 dpi进行后续同源病毒攻毒-暴露保护。在实验条件下，在初次感染后137天，没有发生从幸存者到与幸存者一起饲养的易感哨兵猪的传播。
Since its arrival in the Caucasus and Russia in 2007, African swine fever virus (ASFV) has spread widely and has now affected the EU countries of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and, more recently, the Czech Republic and Romania. The ever-increasing evidence of seropositive wild boar in certain areas suggests that some animals may be surviving for some time or could even be recovering from the disease. This could be due to acquired immunity after the primary infection and/or the presence of related viruses of reduced virulence. To assess these hypotheses, two ASFV field strains from Estonia were studied in vivo in two groups of domestic pigs. After an incubation period of 4 +/- 1.6 days, the pigs inoculated intramuscularly with Es15/WB-Tartu 14 ASFV (group 2) developed clinical signs associated with acute disease and succumbed 7 and 11 days post infection (dpi). Pigs inoculated with Es15/WB-Valga-14 ASFV (group 1) had longer incubation times (8 days) than those in group 2 and developed variable clinical signs and lesions compatible with subacute and chronic forms of ASF; they succumbed at 11 and 25 dpi. The in-contact pigs in both groups became infected 7-14 days after exposure and exhibited variable clinical manifestations and pathological findings ranging from acute to chronic disease. Two animals per group recovered completely after infection and were protected against a subsequent homologous virus challenge-exposure performed at 78 dpi. Under experimental conditions, no transmission occurred from the survivors to susceptible sentinel pigs housed together with the survivors 137 days after the primary infection.