THE SWALLOWING MECHANISM OF THE NEONATE. I. ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC MOTILITY.
THE SWALLOWING MECHANISM OF THE NEONATE. I. ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC MOTILITY.
复制标题
新生儿的吞咽机制。
作者：
J. Gryboski
本文报告了30名婴儿在开始喂养前后和15名早产儿在开始喂养几天后的食道运动模式。在从未喂奶的新生儿中，吮吸只发生在3到4次的小爆发中，而在已经喂养了几天的新生儿中，则会发生更长时间的有效的10到30次的吮吸。12小时以下的婴儿和早产儿经常同时出现食道收缩和许多双相蠕动波，这可能是食道对吞咽和神经元不成熟反应的不协调。这些异常在3天大的婴儿中发生的频率较低。在大多数足月儿和早产儿中，下食道括约肌机制位于有效的横隔膜裂孔或以上，其张力较差。
Patterns of esophageal motility are presented from 30 infants who were studied before and after the initiation of feeding and from 15 premature infants who were studied only after they had fed several days. Sucking occurs in only small bursts of 3 to 4 sucks in the neonate who has never fed, but in longer efficient bursts of 10 to 30 sucks in the neonate who has taken feedings for several days. The infant under 12 hours old and the premature infant have frequent simultaneous contractions of the esophagus and many biphasic peristaltic waves which probably represent an incoordination of the esophageal response to deglutition and neuronal immaturity. These abnormalities occur less frequently in the 3-day-old infant. In the majority of term and premature infants the inferior esophageal sphincter mechanism is located at or above the effective diaphragmatic hiatus and its tone is poor.