The cell biology of the germ cell life cycle.
The cell biology of the germ cell life cycle.
复制标题
生殖细胞生命周期的细胞生物学。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ceb.2010.10.003
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
VanDoren,Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VanDoren,Mark
《细胞生物学新论》每年都有一个关于细胞分化的部分。在许多情况下，细胞生物学家认为他们最喜欢的模型细胞具有单一的身份-它的行为可能会随着环境或操作而改变，但它的身份通常不会。另一方面，发育生物学家考虑细胞命运的规范以及细胞身份在发育过程中如何变化。在过去的几十年里，细胞生物学和发育生物学的重要合并研究了细胞的身份如何影响其细胞生物学（例如细胞形状和形态发生）以及基本细胞生物学如何控制细胞的身份（例如细胞质决定簇和不对称细胞分裂）的重要问题。这些问题在生殖细胞中最为相关，生殖细胞负责产生下一代物种。在这个问题上，我们将探讨生殖细胞分化是如何控制的，并控制，细胞生物学在整个生命周期的生殖细胞。适当地，我们开始与生殖细胞的形成。在许多物种中，生殖细胞是由遗传了一个局部细胞质决定因子（种质）的细胞形成的。生殖细胞特化的一个一般特征是，体细胞基因的表达必须被抑制，以便最终启动生殖细胞程序。中村及其同事描述了生殖细胞形成的细胞生物学，沿着了种质如何导致体细胞基因表达的抑制。
Each year Current Opinion in Cell Biology includes a section on Cell Differentiation. In many cases, a Cell Biologist thinks about their favorite model cell as having a single identity—its behavior may change with environment or manipulation, but its identity generally does not. Developmental Biologists, on the other hand, think about cell fate specification and how cell identity changes during development. The past few decades have seen an important merger of Cell Biology and Developmental Biology to study important questions of how a cell’s identity influences its Cell Biology (eg cell shape and morphogenesis), and how basic Cell Biology controls a cell’s identity (eg cytoplasmic determinants and asymmetric cell division). No place are these questions more relevant than in the Germ Cells, which are responsible for giving rise to the next generation of the species. In this issue, we explore how Germ Cell Differentiation controls, and is controlled by, Cell Biology throughout the life cycle of the germline.Appropriately, we begin with Germ Cell formation. In many species, Germ Cells are formed from cells that inherit a localized cytoplasmic determinant, the germ plasm. One general characteristic of Germ Cell specification is that the expression of somatic genes must be repressed in order for the germ cell program to eventually be initiated. Nakamura and colleagues describe the cell biology of germ cell formation, along with how the germ plasm leads to the repression of somatic gene expression.