Targeting Mitochondria in Diabetes.

Targeting Mitochondria in Diabetes.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms22126642
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发表时间:
2021-06-21
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Lalic NM
Lalic NM
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Krako Jakovljevic N;Pavlovic K;Jotic A;Lalic K;Stoiljkovic M;Lukic L;Milicic T;Macesic M;Stanarcic Gajovic J;Lalic NM

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2型糖尿病(T2D)是最普遍的非传染性疾病之一,通常在发病前伴有胰岛素抵抗(IR),这是组织无法对胰岛素作出反应并导致代谢稳态紊乱的基础。线粒体作为细胞能量代谢的核心参与者,参与了IR和T2D的机制。不同组织的线粒体功能受胰岛素抵抗的影响,其中骨骼肌和肝脏对全身葡萄糖稳态的影响最大。本文综述了在T2D背景下评估肝脏、肌肉和血细胞线粒体功能的人类研究。此外,本文还列出了针对IR和T2D中线粒体的不同干预措施,并选择了一些使用呼吸测量法作为线粒体功能测量的研究,以便更好地进行数据比较。总之,线粒体呼吸能力似乎是一个代谢指标,因为它随着疾病的进展而下降,但在生活方式(运动)和药物干预以及代谢健康的改善后增加。最后,针对线粒体开发的新疗法有可能成为一种更综合的治疗方法,可以治疗糖尿病的病因和继发性缺陷。
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), one of the most prevalent noncommunicable diseases, is often preceded by insulin resistance (IR), which underlies the inability of tissues to respond to insulin and leads to disturbed metabolic homeostasis. Mitochondria, as a central player in the cellular energy metabolism, are involved in the mechanisms of IR and T2D. Mitochondrial function is affected by insulin resistance in different tissues, among which skeletal muscle and liver have the highest impact on whole-body glucose homeostasis. This review focuses on human studies that assess mitochondrial function in liver, muscle and blood cells in the context of T2D. Furthermore, different interventions targeting mitochondria in IR and T2D are listed, with a selection of studies using respirometry as a measure of mitochondrial function, for better data comparison. Altogether, mitochondrial respiratory capacity appears to be a metabolic indicator since it decreases as the disease progresses but increases after lifestyle (exercise) and pharmacological interventions, together with the improvement in metabolic health. Finally, novel therapeutics developed to target mitochondria have potential for a more integrative therapeutic approach, treating both causative and secondary defects of diabetes.
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