Comparison of nanosilver and ionic silver toxicity in Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas
Comparison of nanosilver and ionic silver toxicity in Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas
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DOI：
10.1002/etc.1978
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Mount, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoheisel, Sarah M.;Diamond, Steve;Mount, David
随着消费产品中纳米银的使用越来越多，环境暴露的可能性越来越大，有必要对纳米银对水生生物的毒性进行调查。采用两种试验生物（大水蚤和promelas），对纳米银和离子银（Ag+）在急性和亚致死水平下的效力进行了一系列研究。不同剂量（10、20、30和50?）的48h中位致死浓度（LC50）工业制备的纳米银（nanoComposix）的总银浓度范围为4.31 ~ 30.36 μ g，粒径越小，毒性越强。在估计的颗粒比表面积和急性毒性之间观察到很强的关系。纳米银悬浮液(10？与未经处理的纳米银相比，经阳离子交换树脂处理以降低与其相关的Ag+浓度的纳米银对D. magna的毒性大致相同（48小时lc50分别为2.15和2.79 μ g总Ag L-1）。P. promelas的96 h LC50和7 d亚致死20%有效浓度（EC20s）分别为89.4和46.1 μ g总Ag L-1。Ag+分别为4.70和1.37 μ g总Ag L-1；纳米银和离子银96 h LC50与7 d EC20的比值无显著差异。总的来说，这些研究并没有提供强有力的证据表明纳米银的毒性作用机制与离子银不同，或者可能引起急性或致命的毒性，超出了总银的质量浓度所预测的范围。这反过来表明，基于离子银对水生生物的毒性的监管方法对纳米银的环境释放不会缺乏保护。环绕。Toxicol。化学2012;31日:25572563。(c) 2012年setac
The increasing use of nanosilver in consumer products and the likelihood of environmental exposure warrant investigation into the toxicity of nanosilver to aquatic organisms. A series of studies were conducted comparing the potency of nanosilver to ionic silver (Ag+) at acute and sublethal levels using two test organisms (Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas). The 48-h D. magna median lethal concentration (LC50) of multiple sizes (10, 20, 30, and 50?nm) of commercially prepared nanosilver (nanoComposix) ranged from 4.31 to 30.36 mu g total Ag L-1 with increasing toxicity associated with decreasing particle size. A strong relationship between estimated specific particle surface area and acute toxicity was observed. Nanosilver suspensions (10?nm) treated with cation exchange resin to reduce the concentration of Ag+ associated with it were approximately equally toxic to D. magna compared to untreated nanosilver (48-h LC50s were 2.15 and 2.79 mu g total Ag L-1, respectively). The 96-h LC50 and 7-d sublethal 20% effective concentrations (EC20s) for P. promelas were 89.4 and 46.1 mu g total Ag L-1, respectively, for 10?nm nanosilver and 4.70 and 1.37 mu g total Ag L-1, respectively, for Ag+; the resulting ratios of 96-h LC50 to 7-d EC20 were not significantly different for nanosilver and ionic silver. Overall, these studies did not provide strong evidence that nanosilver either acts by a different mechanism of toxicity than ionic silver, or is likely to cause acute or lethal toxicity beyond that which would be predicted by mass concentration of total silver. This in turn suggests that regulatory approaches based on the toxicity of ionic silver to aquatic life would not be underprotective for environmental releases of nanosilver. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 25572563.(C) 2012 SETAC