Radiation-based quantitative bioimaging at the national institute of standards and technology.
Radiation-based quantitative bioimaging at the national institute of standards and technology.
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DOI：
10.4103/0971-6203.54843
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发表时间：
2009-07
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Karam LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karam LR
在为医用X射线和核医学放射性核素提供物理测量和标准的悠久历史的基础上，该实验室扩大了其重点，以更好地支持今天在美国广泛使用医学物理学，为药物和设备开发和销售、治疗规划和疗效以及疾病筛查所需的关键结果提供信心。特别是，为了支持更多的定量医学成像，该实验室实施了一项计划，提供关键的测量基础设施，通过开发标准，基准模型来支持基于辐射的成像，基准模型包含按照国家测量标准校准的放射源，通过可追踪的仪器校准为临床试验或患者管理提供更多的定量成像。该实验室与美国国立卫生研究院、伦斯勒理工学院、食品和药物管理局以及康奈尔大学的同事们密切合作，在开发幽灵和使用它们的协议方面迈出了最初的一步，用于更准确地校准正电子发射断层扫描（PET）或单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）相机，包括最近标准化的68Ge。对实验室最近开发的小型、弹性和廉价的长度标准模体的x射线测量表明，这种“口袋”模体对于基于患者的计算机断层扫描（单独或与PET）系统的校准具有潜在的有用性。以可追溯到国家标准的方式校准诊断成像工具的能力将导致更定量的方法；医生和患者都受益于治疗计划准确性的提高，以及患者安全性的提高。
Building on a long history of providing physical measurements and standards for medical X rays and nuclear medicine radionuclides, the laboratory has expanded its focus to better support the extensive use of medical physics in the United States today, providing confidence in key results needed for drug and device development and marketing, therapy planning and efficacy and disease screening. In particular, to support more quantitative medical imaging, this laboratory has implemented a program to provide key measurement infrastructure to support radiation-based imaging through developing standard, benchmark phantoms, which contain radioactive sources calibrated to national measurement standards, to allow more quantitative imaging through traceable instrument calibration for clinical trials or patient management. Working closely with colleagues at the National Institutes of Health, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the Food and Drug Administration and Cornell University, this laboratory has taken the initial steps in developing phantoms, and the protocols to use them, for more accurate calibration of positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) cameras, including recently standardizing 68Ge. X-ray measurements of the laboratory's recently developed small, resilient and inexpensive length standard phantom have shown the potential usefulness of such a “pocket” phantom for patient-based calibration of computed tomography (alone or with PET) systems. The ability to calibrate diagnostic imaging tools in a way that is traceable to national standards will lead to a more quantitative approach; both physician and patient benefit from increased accuracy in treatment planning, as well as increased safety for the patient.