Toll-Like Receptors as a Therapeutic Target in the Era of Immunotherapies.
Toll-Like Receptors as a Therapeutic Target in the Era of Immunotherapies.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcell.2021.756315
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Choi S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farooq M;Batool M;Kim MS;Choi S
Toll样受体（TLR）是模式识别受体，其被外源和宿主分子激活以启动免疫应答。它们在先天免疫的调节中起着至关重要的作用，一些研究已经表明它们在细菌，病毒和真菌感染，自身免疫性疾病和癌症中的重要性。从免疫学角度的共识是TLR激动剂可以作为可能的治疗剂或作为针对癌症或感染性疾病的疫苗佐剂，并且TLR抑制剂可能是治疗自身免疫性疾病、某些癌症、细菌和病毒感染的有希望的方法。这些概念是基于TLR激动剂刺激促炎细胞因子的分泌和一般促炎反应的发展的事实。一些基于TLR的抑制剂已在临床前模型中显示出有效性，并且现已进入临床试验。因此，TLR似乎有潜力成为免疫治疗时代的完美靶标。我们提供了一个基于TLR的治疗方法，揭示了它们的有用性和联合治疗的观点。我们还强调了处于发现阶段或临床试验中的各种疗法。
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the pattern recognition receptors, which are activated by foreign and host molecules in order to initiate the immune response. They play a crucial role in the regulation of innate immunity, and several studies have shown their importance in bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. The consensus view from an immunological perspective is that TLR agonists can serve either as a possible therapeutic agent or as a vaccine adjuvant toward cancers or infectious diseases and that TLR inhibitors may be a promising approach to the treatment of autoimmune diseases, some cancers, bacterial, and viral infections. These notions are based on the fact that TLR agonists stimulate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and in general, the development of proinflammatory responses. Some of the TLR-based inhibitory agents have shown to be efficacious in preclinical models and have now entered clinical trials. Therefore, TLRs seem to hold the potential to serve as a perfect target in the era of immunotherapies. We offer a perspective on TLR-based therapeutics that sheds light on their usefulness and on combination therapies. We also highlight various therapeutics that are in the discovery phase or in clinical trials.
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