Variations of Forage Yield and Nutrients with Altitude Gradients and Their Influencing Factors in Alpine Meadow of Sanjiangyuan, China
Variations of Forage Yield and Nutrients with Altitude Gradients and Their Influencing Factors in Alpine Meadow of Sanjiangyuan, China
复制标题
三江源高寒草甸牧草产量和养分随海拔梯度的变化及其影响因素
DOI：
10.1007/s42729-020-00284-0
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发表时间：
2020-07-15
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Zhao, Liang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Dongdong;Li, Qi;Zhao, Liang
于2014年8月下旬（生长期高峰）在三江源地区的两个山地样带（北纬36°21′，东经101°27′，海拔3389 ~ 3876 m）和黑图山（北纬34°22′，东经100°30′，海拔4121 ~ 4268 m）采集样本。采用国标法测定牧草生物量和营养成分，采用RDA法提取影响因子。结果表明：随着海拔高度的增加，无论是在海拔4000 m以下的山区还是在海拔4000 m以下的山区，牧草产量都显著下降，低海拔地区受环境因子的影响较大，而高海拔地区受环境因子的影响较小；在海拔< 4000 m的山地，牧草养分主要受海拔和土壤有机碳（SOC）的影响（p< 0.01）；在海拔< 4000 m的山地，纤维和木质素主要受土壤pH和SOC的影响（p< 0.05）；粗蛋白质（CP）主要受土壤pH和总磷（TP）的影响（p< 0.05）。总体而言，随着海拔的升高，饲料CP和脂肪（CF）增加，中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维减少，说明增温可能导致饲料品质下降，进而影响畜牧业安全。此外，粗CP和CF受土壤无机氮和全磷的影响大于有机碳和全氮。
This study aimed to investigate the forage yield and quality and extract factors affecting them and provide scientific support for ecological protection of alpine grassland and sustainable development of animal husbandry in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Samples were collected in late August (peak of the growing season) 2014 in two mountain transects (Laji mountain, 36° 21′ N, 101° 27′ E, 3389–3876 m a.s.l. and Heitu mountain, 34° 22′ N, 100° 30′ E, 4121–4268 m a.s.l.) of Sanjiangyuan. Forage biomass and nutrients were measured by the national standard method, and influencing factors were extracted by RDA. Results showed that the forage yield decreased significantly with the increasing altitude, no matter in the mountain > 4000 m a.s.l. or < 4000 m a.s.l. Forage yield was more affected by environmental factors in low altitude areas, but less in high-altitude areas. Forage nutrients were mainly affected by altitude and soil organic carbon (SOC) (p< 0.01) on the mountain < 4000 m a.s.l., while on the mountain > 4000 m a.s.l., fiber and lignin were mainly affected by soil pH and SOC and crude protein (CP) by soil pH (p< 0.05) and total phosphorus (TP). Overall, with the increasing altitude, forage CP and fat (CF) increased, while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased, implying that warming may lead to the decline of forage quality and then affect the safety of animal husbandry. Moreover, forage CP and CF were also affected by soil inorganic nitrogen and TP rather than SOC and soil total nitrogen.