Tinnitus: pathology of synaptic plasticity at the cellular and system levels.
Tinnitus: pathology of synaptic plasticity at the cellular and system levels.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2012.00012
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Guitton MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guitton MJ
尽管耳鸣越来越常见，并对患者的生活质量产生了很大的影响，但耳鸣尚未治愈。这在很大程度上是由于对这种不利病理的生物学机制了解有限所致。然而，在过去的十年里，我们对耳鸣的病理生理学的了解取得了巨大的进步。动物模型已经证明，耳鸣是一种神经可塑性的病理，有两个主要成分：与耳鸣起始阶段有关的分子外周成分和与耳鸣长期维持有关的系统水平的中枢成分。本文以最新的实验数据和分子/系统二分法为框架，阐述了耳鸣的生物学基础。然后，我们从进化的角度讨论这些机制，强调与记忆的相似之处。最后，我们考虑如何将这些发现转化为治疗，并建议使用药理学(局部和系统)和行为工具(例如，使用远程医疗和虚拟现实环境)设计新的有效组合治疗解决方案的操作策略。
Despite being more and more common, and having a high impact on the quality of life of sufferers, tinnitus does not yet have a cure. This has been mostly the result of limited knowledge of the biological mechanisms underlying this adverse pathology. However, the last decade has witnessed tremendous progress in our understanding on the pathophysiology of tinnitus. Animal models have demonstrated that tinnitus is a pathology of neural plasticity, and has two main components: a molecular, peripheral component related to the initiation phase of tinnitus; and a system-level, central component-related to the long-term maintenance of tinnitus. Using the most recent experimental data and the molecular/system dichotomy as a framework, we describe here the biological basis of tinnitus. We then discuss these mechanisms from an evolutionary perspective, highlighting similarities with memory. Finally, we consider how these discoveries can translate into therapies, and we suggest operative strategies to design new and effective combined therapeutic solutions using both pharmacological (local and systemic) and behavioral tools (e.g., using tele-medicine and virtual reality settings).