A Real-Time Fast-Flow Tube Study of VOC and Particulate Emissions from Electronic, Potentially Reduced-Harm, Conventional, and Reference Cigarettes.
A Real-Time Fast-Flow Tube Study of VOC and Particulate Emissions from Electronic, Potentially Reduced-Harm, Conventional, and Reference Cigarettes.
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DOI：
10.1080/02786826.2015.1076156
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Staimer N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Blair SL;Epstein SA;Nizkorodov SA;Staimer N
目前不受FDA监管的无烟电子烟(电子烟)作为一种“安全”的吸烟形式已经变得普遍。评估电子烟和其他类型的潜在“减害”香烟潜在毒性的一种方法是将其挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的排放与传统香烟和参考香烟的排放进行比较，其中包括丙烯醛等活性有机亲电化合物和颗粒物。我们最新设计的快速流管系统使我们能够通过迅速稀释来自不同品牌燃烧香烟和电子烟的主流烟雾，实时分析VOC成分和颗粒物浓度。采用质子转移反应飞行时间质谱仪对卷烟VOC排放进行了实时分析，时间分辨率为1 S。用凝聚颗粒计数器(CPC)检测颗粒。该技术可实时分析每次喷雾中的VOCs和颗粒物，无需样品老化，也不需要任何样品前处理或额外处理。研究了影响VOC和颗粒物浓度的几个重要因素：(1)喷雾频率；(2)喷雾次数；(3)焦油含量；(4)过滤器类型。结果表明，电子香烟并不是没有丙烯醛和乙醛的排放，其产生的颗粒物浓度与燃烧香烟相当，更具体地说是与1R5F参考香烟相当。与每次喷出不同数量的颗粒物和VOCs的传统香烟不同，电子烟的排放没有显著的吸入依赖性。木炭滤嘴香烟不能完全防止丙烯醛和其他VOCs的排放。
Tobacco-free electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), which are currently not regulated by the FDA, have become widespread as a “safe” form of smoking. One approach to evaluate the potential toxicity of e-cigarettes and other types of potentially “reduced-harm” cigarettes is to compare their emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including reactive organic electrophillic compounds such as acrolein, and particulate matter to those of conventional and reference cigarettes. Our newly designed fast-flow tube system enabled us to analyze VOC composition and particle number concentration in real-time by promptly diluting puffs of mainstream smoke obtained from different brands of combustion cigarettes and e-cigarettes. A proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTRMS) was used to analyze real-time cigarette VOC emissions with a 1 s time resolution. Particles were detected with a condensation particle counter (CPC). This technique offers real-time analysis of VOCs and particles in each puff without sample aging and does not require any sample pretreatment or extra handling. Several important determining factors in VOC and particle concentration were investigated: (1) puff frequency; (2) puff number; (3) tar content; (4) filter type. Results indicate that electronic cigarettes are not free from acrolein and acetaldehyde emissions and produce comparable particle number concentrations to those of combustion cigarettes, more specifically to the 1R5F reference cigarette. Unlike conventional cigarettes, which emit different amounts of particles and VOCs each puff, there was no significant puff dependence in the e-cigarette emissions. Charcoal filter cigarettes did not fully prevent the emission of acrolein and other VOCs.