Geotraverses across the Swiss Alps
Geotraverses across the Swiss Alps
复制标题
穿越瑞士阿尔卑斯山的地理穿越
作者：
W. Frei;P. Hertzmann;P. Lehner;S. Muller;R. Olivier;A. Pfiffner;A. Steck;P. Valasek
阿尔卑斯链标志着欧洲和非洲岩石圈板块之间的碰撞区。阿尔卑斯山脉以下的地壳因地壳构造活动而变厚，形成了一个地壳物质的“根”，其深度约为60公里。在这里，我们提出了阿尔卑斯山脉上三次地震反射的初步结果，这些结果显示了大陆板块之间碰撞造成的大规模地壳压痕，以及由衰减的海洋地壳压缩产生的变形的推覆形成风格。这些数据表明，碰撞带的总体构造变形是由大规模的地壳压痕造成的。下降的欧洲地壳被阿尔卑斯山脉下方向北突出的非洲地壳的楔块剥离和变形。推覆变形似乎局限于阿尔卑斯山脉核心的奔宁带上部10-20 km。
THE Alpine chain marks the collision zone between the European and African lithospheric plates. The Earth's crust below the Alps has been thickened by tectonic activity to form a 'root' of crustal material which extends to a depth of approximately 60 km. Here we present the initial results of three seismic reflection traverses across the Alps which show large-scale crustal indentations resulting from collision between continental plates, as well as the nappeforming style of deformation produced by compression of attenuated ocean crust. The data suggest that the gross structural deformation of the collision zone results from large-scale crustal indentations. The descending European crust is delaminated and deformed by wedges of the African crust protruding northwards below the Alps. The nappe-forming deformation seems to be restricted to the upper 10–20 km of the Penninic domain in the core of the Alps.