The effect of bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis on reproduction and survival of wood bison in Wood Buffalo National Park
The effect of bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis on reproduction and survival of wood bison in Wood Buffalo National Park
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00953.x
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Messier, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joly, DO;Messier, F
1.木材野牛（野牛野牛athabascae L.）加拿大伍德布法罗国家公园的野牛数量从20世纪60年代末的超过10000头野牛下降到20世纪90年代末的2200头野牛。牛结核病（牛分枝杆菌）和布鲁杆菌病（流产布鲁杆菌）在20世纪20年代末被引入伍德布法罗国家公园。由于这些病原体中的每一种都有可能减少野牛的生存和繁殖，因此怀疑它们在野牛丰度的下降中发挥了作用。我们在1997年至2000年的冬天活捕野牛，测试结核病、布鲁氏菌病和妊娠，并释放带有无线电发射器的动物以评估存活率。我们发现两种疾病都呈阳性的野牛比一种或两种疾病都不呈阳性的野牛更不可能怀孕或活过冬天。此外，在一个种群中，结核病阳性的野牛怀孕的可能性大大降低。证明疾病对生存和繁殖的负面影响是检验疾病在野牛种群下降中所起作用的必要条件，但还不够。
1. Wood bison (Bison bison athabascae L.) abundance in Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada, declined from an excess of 10 000 bison in the late 1960s to a low of 2200 bison in the late 1990s.2. Bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) and brucellosis (Brucella abortus), were introduced to Wood Buffalo National Park in the late 1920s. As each of these pathogens has the potential to reduce survival and reproduction in bison, they are suspected to have played a role in the decline in bison abundance.3. We live-captured bison in the winters of 1997-2000, tested for tuberculosis, brucellosis and pregnancy and released animals with radio transmitters to evaluate survival.4. We found that bison that were positive for both diseases were less likely to be pregnant or to survive the winter than bison positive for one or neither disease. Further, in one population, bison that were tuberculosis-positive had a substantially lower pregnancy probability.5. Demonstrating a negative effect of diseases on survival and reproduction is a necessary, but not sufficient, test of the role of diseases in bison population decline.