Trichoderma species associated with green mould disease of Pleurotus ostreatus and their sensitivity to prochloraz
Trichoderma species associated with green mould disease of Pleurotus ostreatus and their sensitivity to prochloraz
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DOI：
10.1111/ppa.12953
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Roberti, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Innocenti, G.;Montanari, M.;Roberti, R.
绿色霉菌病在全世界的平菇作物中造成严重的经济损失，包括在意大利，咪鲜胺是唯一允许控制该疾病的化学杀真菌剂。研究了咪鲜胺（Sponix Flow，450 g L~（-1））0.01、0.05、0.25和1.25 μ L L~（-1）（田间剂量）对侧耳木霉（Trichoderma pleuroti）、木霉（T. pleuroticola和T.在小麦秸秆提取物琼脂平板上评价贵州菌株。对侧耳木霉和T.咪鲜胺田间剂量和0.25 μ L L~（-1）剂量对侧耳的生长有明显影响。pleuroti。在田间剂量下，所有木霉菌株的孢子萌发均被完全抑制，在0.25 μ L L~（-1）剂量下，木霉菌株的孢子萌发被完全抑制。侧耳属菌株。在活体试验中，咪鲜胺浓度为0.05、0.25和1.25 μ L L~（-1）时，对T. pleuroti、拟赤眼蜂T. pleuroticola和T.以10（2）和10（5）个孢子mL（-1）两种孢子密度接种平菇，研究了平菇孢子萌发后立即接种的平菇孢子萌发的影响。Trichoderma pleuroti和T. pleuroticola都是绿色霉菌的致病菌，而T.贵州亚种不致病。侧耳木霉的攻击性强于T.侧孢霉属咪鲜胺对T. pleuroti，对T.在0.25和1.25 μ L L~（-1）浓度下，木霉与平菇互作类型的研究表明，木霉对平菇菌丝生长的抑制作用主要是通过竞争空间和营养物质来实现的，既不存在菌丝互作，也不存在挥发性或非挥发性代谢产物的影响。
Green mould disease causes serious economic losses in Pleurotus ostreatus crops worldwide, including in Italy, where prochloraz is the only chemical fungicide allowed to control the disease. The effectiveness of the doses 0.01, 0.05, 0.25 and 1.25 mu L L-1 (field dose) of prochloraz (Sponix Flow, 450 g L-1), against colony growth rate and spore germination of Trichoderma pleuroti, T. pleuroticola and T. guizhouense strains on wheat straw extract agar plates were evaluated. Complete inhibition of Trichoderma pleuroti and T. pleuroticola growth was shown by the field dose of prochloraz, and also by the 0.25 mu L L-1 dose for T. pleuroti. Complete inhibition of spore germination occurred for all Trichoderma strains at field dose, and at 0.25 mu L L-1 for T. pleuroti strains. In in vivo assays, the effect of prochloraz doses 0.05, 0.25 and 1.25 mu L L-1 on colonization of straw substrate by T. pleuroti, T. pleuroticola and T. guizhouense inoculated at two spore densities (10(2) and 10(5) spores mL(-1)) immediately after P. ostreatus spawn was studied. Trichoderma pleuroti and T. pleuroticola were both responsible for green mould disease, whereas T. guizhouense was not pathogenic. Trichoderma pleuroti was more aggressive than T. pleuroticola. Prochloraz was effective against T. pleuroti at the field dose, and against T. pleuroticola at 0.25 and 1.25 mu L L-1. The study on Trichoderma x Pleurotus interaction type showed that Trichoderma species were active against the mycelial growth of P. ostreatus by competition for space and nutrients, and neither hyphal interaction nor effect by volatile or nonvolatile metabolites occurred.